XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model (XDM)

W3C Recommendation 23 January 2007

This version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xpath-datamodel-20070123/

Latest version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/

Previous version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/PR-xpath-datamodel-20061121/

Editors:

Mary Fernández (XML Query WG), AT&T Labs <mff@research.att.com>

Ashok Malhotra (XML Query and XSL WGs), Oracle Corporation <ashok.malhotra@alum.mit.edu>

Jonathan Marsh (XSL WG), Microsoft <jmarsh@microsoft.com>

Marton Nagy (XML Query WG), Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) <marton.nagy@saic.com>

Norman Walsh (XSL WG), Sun Microsystems <Norman.Walsh@Sun.COM>

Please refer to the errata for this document, which may include some normative corrections.

See also translations.

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: XML.

Copyright © 2007  W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.

1 Introduction

This document defines the XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model, which is the data model of [XPath 2.0], [XSLT 2.0] and [XQuery]

The XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model (henceforth "data model") serves two purposes. First, it defines the information contained in the input to an XSLT or XQuery processor. Second, it defines all permissible values of expressions in the XSLT, XQuery, and XPath languages. A language is closed with respect to a data model if the value of every expression in the language is guaranteed to be in the data model. XSLT 2.0, XQuery 1.0, and XPath 2.0 are all closed with respect to the data model.

The data model is based on the [Infoset] (henceforth "Infoset"), but it requires the following new features to meet the [XPath 2.0 Requirements] and [XML Query Requirements]:

Support for XML Schema types. The XML Schema recommendations define features, such as structures ([Schema Part 1]) and simple data types ([Schema Part 2]), that extend the XML Information Set with precise type information.

Representation of collections of documents and of complex values. ([XML Query Requirements])

Support for typed atomic values.

Support for ordered, heterogeneous sequences.

As with the Infoset, the XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model specifies what information in the documents is accessible, but it does not specify the programming-language interfaces or bindings used to represent or access the data.

The data model can represent various values including not only the input and the output of a stylesheet or query, but all values of expressions used during the intermediate calculations. Examples include the input document or document repository (represented as a Document Node or a sequence of Document Nodes), the result of a path expression (represented as a sequence of nodes), the result of an arithmetic or a logical expression (represented as an atomic value), a sequence expression resulting in a sequence of items, etc.

This document provides a precise definition of the properties of nodes in the XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model, how they are accessed, and how they relate to values in the Infoset and PSVI.

2 Concepts

This section outlines a number of general concepts that apply throughout this specification.

2.1 Terminology

For a full glossary of terms, see D Glossary.

In this specification the words must, must not, should, should not, may and recommended are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119].

This specification distinguishes between the data model as a general concept and specific items (documents, elements, atomic values, etc.) that are concrete examples of the data model by identifying all concrete examples as instances of the data model.

[Definition: Every instance of the data model is a sequence.].

[Definition: A sequence is an ordered collection of zero or more items.] A sequence cannot be a member of a sequence. A single item appearing on its own is modeled as a sequence containing one item. Sequences are defined in 2.5 Sequences.

[Definition: An item is either a node or an atomic value],

Every node is one of the seven kinds of nodes defined in 6 Nodes. Nodes form a tree that consists of a root node plus all the nodes that are reachable directly or indirectly from the root node via the dm:children, dm:attributes, and dm:namespace-nodes accessors. Every node belongs to exactly one tree, and every tree has exactly one root node.

[Definition: A tree whose root node is a Document Node is referred to as a document.]

[Definition: A tree whose root node is not a Document Node is referred to as a fragment.]

[Definition: An atomic value is a value in the value space of an atomic type and is labeled with the name of that atomic type.]

[Definition: An atomic type is a primitive simple type or a type derived by restriction from another atomic type.] (Types derived by list or union are not atomic.)

[Definition: There are 23 primitive simple types: the 19 defined in Section 3.2 Primitive datatypesXS2 of [Schema Part 2] and xs:untyped, xs:untypedAtomic, xs:anyAtomicType, xs:dayTimeDuration, and xs:yearMonthDuration], defined in 2.6 Types.

A type is represented in the data model by an expanded-QName.

[Definition: An expanded-QName is a set of three values consisting of a possibly empty prefix, a possibly empty namespace URI, and a local name.] See 3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS.

[Definition: Implementation-defined indicates an aspect that may differ between implementations, but must be specified by the implementor for each particular implementation.]

[Definition: Implementation-dependent indicates an aspect that may differ between implementations, is not specified by this or any W3C specification, and is not required to be specified by the implementor for any particular implementation.]

Within this specification, the term URI refers to a Universal Resource Identifier as defined in [RFC 3986] and extended in [RFC 2987] with the new name IRI. The term URI has been retained in preference to IRI to avoid introducing new names for concepts such as “Base URI” that are defined or referenced across the whole family of XML specifications.

In all cases where this specification leaves the behavior implementation-defined or implementation-dependent, the implementation has the option of providing mechanisms that allow the user to influence the behavior.

2.2 Notation

In addition to prose, this specification defines a set of accessor functions to explain the data model. The accessors are shown with the prefix dm:. This prefix is always shown in italics to emphasize that these functions are abstract; they exist to explain the interface between the data model and specifications that rely on the data model: they are not accessible directly from the host language.

Several prefixes are used throughout this document for notational convenience. The following bindings are assumed.

xs: bound to http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema

xsi: bound to http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance

fn: bound to http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions

In practice, any prefix that is bound to the appropriate URI may be used.

The signature of accessor functions is shown using the same style as [Functions and Operators], described in Section 1.4 Function Signatures and DescriptionsFO.

This document relies on the [Infoset] and Post-Schema-Validation Infoset (PSVI). Information items and properties are indicated by the styles information item and [infoset property], respectively.

Some aspects of type assignment rely on the ability to access properties of the schema components. Such properties are indicated by the style {component property}. Note that this does not mean a lightweight schema processor cannot be used, it only means that the application must have some mechanism to access the necessary properties.

2.3 Node Identity

Each node has a unique identity. Every node in an instance of the data model is unique: identical to itself, and not identical to any other node. (Atomic values do not have identity; every instance of the value “5” as an integer is identical to every other instance of the value “5” as an integer.)

Note:

The concept of node identity should not be confused with the concept of a unique ID, which is a unique name assigned to an element by the author to represent references using ID/IDREF correlation.

2.4 Document Order

[Definition: A document order is defined among all the nodes accessible during a given query or transformation. Document order is a total ordering, although the relative order of some nodes is implementation-dependent. Informally, document order is the order in which nodes appear in the XML serialization of a document.] [Definition: Document order is stable, which means that the relative order of two nodes will not change during the processing of a given query or transformation, even if this order is implementation-dependent.]

Within a tree, document order satisfies the following constraints:

The root node is the first node.

Every node occurs before all of its children and descendants.

Namespace Nodes immediately follow the Element Node with which they are associated. The relative order of Namespace Nodes is stable but implementation-dependent.

Attribute Nodes immediately follow the Namespace Nodes of the element with which they are associated. If there are no Namespace Nodes associated with a given element, then the Attribute Nodes associated with that element immediately follow the element. The relative order of Attribute Nodes is stable but implementation-dependent.

The relative order of siblings is the order in which they occur in the children property of their parent node.

Children and descendants occur before following siblings.

The relative order of nodes in distinct trees is stable but implementation-dependent, subject to the following constraint: If any node in a given tree, T1, occurs before any node in a different tree, T2, then all nodes in T1 are before all nodes in T2.

2.5 Sequences

An important characteristic of the data model is that there is no distinction between an item (a node or an atomic value) and a singleton sequence containing that item. An item is equivalent to a singleton sequence containing that item and vice versa.

A sequence may contain nodes, atomic values, or any mixture of nodes and atomic values. When a node is added to a sequence its identity remains the same. Consequently a node may occur in more than one sequence and a sequence may contain duplicate items.

Sequences never contain other sequences; if sequences are combined, the result is always a “flattened” sequence. In other words, appending “(d e)” to “(a b c)” produces a sequence of length 5: “(a b c d e)”. It does not produce a sequence of length 4: “(a b c (d e))”, such a nested sequence never occurs.

Note:

Sequences replace node-sets from XPath 1.0. In XPath 1.0, node-sets do not contain duplicates. In generalizing node-sets to sequences in XPath 2.0, duplicate removal is provided by functions on node sequences.

2.6 Types

The data model supports strongly typed languages such as [XPath 2.0] and [XQuery] that have a type system based on [Schema Part 1]. The type system is formally defined in [Formal Semantics].

Every item in the data model has both a value and a type. In addition to nodes, the data model can represent atomic values like the number 5 or the string “Hello World.” For each of these atomic values, the data model contains both the value of the item (such as 5 or “Hello World”) and its type name (such as xs:integer or xs:string).

2.6.1 Representation of Types

The data model uses expanded-QNames to represent the names of schema types, which include the built-in types defined by [Schema Part 2], five additional types defined by this specification, and may include other user- or implementation-defined types.

For XML Schema types, the namespace name of the expanded-QName is the {target namespace} property of the type definition, and its local name is the {name} property of the type definition.

The data model relies on the fact that an expanded-QName uniquely identifies every named type. Although it is possible for different schemas to define different types with the same expanded-QName, at most one of them can be used in any given validation episode. The data model cannot support environments where different types with the same expanded-QName are available.

For anonymous types, the processor must construct an anonymous type name that is distinct from the name of every named type and the name of every other anonymous type. [Definition: An anonymous type name is an implementation dependent, unique type name provided by the processor for every anonymous type declared in the schemas available.] Anonymous type names must be globally unique across all anonymous types that are accessible to the processor. In the formalism of this specification, the anonymous type names are assumed to be xs:QNames, but in practice implementations are not required to use xs:QNames to represent the implementation-dependent names of anonymous types.

The scope over which the names of anonymous types must be meaningful and distinct is depends on the processing context. It is the responsibility of the host language to define the size and scope of the processing context.

The data model does not represent element or attribute declaration schema components, but it supports various type-related operations. The semantics of other operations, for example, checking if a particular instance of an Element Node has a given schema type is defined in [Formal Semantics].

2.6.2 Predefined Types

In addition to the 19 types defined in Section 3.2 Primitive datatypesXS2 of [Schema Part 2], the data model defines five additional types: xs:anyAtomicType, xs:untyped, xs:untypedAtomic, xs:dayTimeDuration, and xs:yearMonthDuration. These types are defined in the XML Schema namespace with permission of the XML Schema Working Group, which is expected to add them to some future version of XML Schema.

xs:untyped

The datatype xs:untyped denotes the dynamic type of an element node that has not been validated, or has been validated in skip mode. No predefined types are derived from xs:untyped.

xs:untypedAtomic

The datatype xs:untypedAtomic denotes untyped atomic data, such as text that has not been assigned a more specific type. An attribute that has been validated in skip mode is represented in the Data Model by an attribute node with the type xs:untypedAtomic. No predefined types are derived from xs:untypedAtomic.

xs:anyAtomicType

The datatype xs:anyAtomicType is an atomic type that includes all atomic values (and no values that are not atomic). Its base type is xs:anySimpleType from which all simple types, including atomic, list, and union types are derived. All primitive atomic types, such as xs:integer and xs:string, have xs:anyAtomicType as their base type.

xs:dayTimeDuration

The type xs:dayTimeDuration is derived from xs:duration by restricting its lexical representation to contain only the days, hours, minutes and seconds components. The value space of xs:dayTimeDuration is the set of fractional second values. The components of xs:dayTimeDuration correspond to the day, hour, minute and second components defined in Section 5.5.3.2 of [ISO 8601]. An xs:dayTimeDuration is derived from xs:duration as follows:

<xs:simpleType name='dayTimeDuration'>
  <xs:restriction base='xs:duration'>
    <xs:pattern value="[^YM]*[DT].*"/>
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

xs:yearMonthDuration

The type xs:yearMonthDuration is derived from xs:duration by restricting its lexical representation to contain only the year and month components. The value space of xs:yearMonthDuration is the set of xs:integer month values. The year and month components of xs:yearMonthDuration correspond to the Gregorian year and month components defined in section 5.5.3.2 of [ISO 8601], respectively.

The type xs:yearMonthDuration is derived from xs:duration as follows:

<xs:simpleType name='yearMonthDuration'>
  <xs:restriction base='xs:duration'>
    <xs:pattern value="[^DT]*"/>
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

A schema for these types is provided in C Schema for the Extended XS Namespace.

2.6.3 Type Hierarchy

The diagram below shows how the nodes, primitive simple types, and user defined types fit together into a hierarchy.

The xs:IDREFS, xs:NMTOKENS, xs:ENTITIES and user-defined list and union types are special types in that these types are lists or unions rather than true subtypes.

2.6.4 Atomic Values

An atomic value can be constructed from a lexical representation. Given a string and an atomic type, the atomic value is constructed in such a way as to be consistent with schema validation. If the string does not represent a valid value of the type, an error is raised. When xs:untypedAtomic is specified as the type, no validation takes place. The details of the construction are described in Section 5 Constructor FunctionsFO and the related Section 17 CastingFO section of [Functions and Operators].

2.6.5 String Values

A string value can be constructed from an atomic value. Such a value is constructed by converting the atomic value to its string representation as described in Section 17 CastingFO. Using the canonical lexical representation for atomic values is not always compatible with XPath 1.0. These and other backwards incompatibilities are described in Section I Backwards Compatibility with XPath 1.0 (Non-Normative)XP.

3 Data Model Construction

This section describes the constraints on instances of the data model.

The data model supports well-formed XML documents conforming to [Namespaces in XML] or [Namespaces in XML 1.1]. Documents that are not well-formed are, by definition, not XML. XML documents that do not conform to [Namespaces in XML] or [Namespaces in XML 1.1] are not supported (nor are they supported by [Infoset]).

In other words, the data model supports the following classes of XML documents:

Well-formed documents conforming to [Namespaces in XML] or [Namespaces in XML 1.1].

DTD-valid documents conforming to [Namespaces in XML] or [Namespaces in XML 1.1], and

W3C XML Schema-validated documents.

This document describes how to construct an instance of the data model from an infoset ([Infoset]) or a Post Schema Validation Infoset (PSVI), the augmented infoset produced by an XML Schema validation episode.

An instance of the data model can also be constructed directly through application APIs, or from non-XML sources such as relational tables in a database. Regardless of how an instance of the data model is constructed, every node and atomic value in the data model must have a typed-value that is consistent with its type.

The data model supports some kinds of values that are not supported by [Infoset]. Examples of these are document fragments and sequences of Document Nodes. The data model also supports values that are not nodes. Examples of these are sequences of atomic values, or sequences mixing nodes and atomic values. These are necessary to be able to represent the results of intermediate expressions in the data model during expression processing.

3.1 Direct Construction

Although this document describes construction of an instance of the data model in terms of infoset properties, an infoset is not a necessary precondition for building an instance of the data model.

There are no constraints on how an instance of the data model may be constructed directly, save that the resulting instance must satisfy all of the constraints described in this document.

3.2 Construction from an Infoset

An instance of the data model can be constructed from an infoset that satisfies the following general constraints:

All general and external parsed entities must be fully expanded. The Infoset must not contain any unexpanded entity reference information items.

The infoset must provide all of the properties identified as "required" in this document. The properties identified as "optional" may be used, if they are present. All other properties are ignored.

An instance of the data model constructed from an information set must be consistent with the description provided for each node kind.

3.3 Construction from a PSVI

An instance of the data model can be constructed from a PSVI, whose element and attribute information items have been strictly assessed, laxly assessed, or have not been assessed. Constructing an instance of the data model from a PSVI must be consistent with the description provided in this section and with the description provided for each node kind.

Data model construction requires that the PSVI provide unique names for all anonymous schema types.

Note:

[Schema Part 1] does not require all schema processors to provide unique names for anonymous schema types. In order to build an instance of the data model from a PSVI produced by a processor that does not provide the names, some post-processing will be required in order to assure that they are all uniquely identified before construction begins.

[Definition: An incompletely validated document is an XML document that has a corresponding schema but whose schema-validity assessment has resulted in one or more element or attribute information items being assigned values other than 'valid' for the [validity] property in the PSVI.]

The data model supports incompletely validated documents. Elements and attributes that are not valid are treated as having unknown types.

The most significant difference between Infoset construction and PSVI construction occurs in the area of schema type assignment. Other differences can also arise from schema processing: default attribute and element values may be provided, white space normalization of element content may occur, and the user-supplied lexical form of elements and attributes with atomic schema types may be lost.

3.3.1 Mapping PSVI Additions to Node Properties

A PSVI element or attribute information item may have a [validity] property. The [validity] property may be "valid", "invalid", or "notKnown" and reflects the outcome of schema-validity assessment. In the data model, precise schema type information is exposed for Element and Attribute Nodes that are "valid". Nodes that are not "valid" are treated as if they were simply well-formed XML and only very general schema type information is associated with them.

3.3.1.1 Element and Attribute Node Type Names

The precise definition of the schema type of an element or attribute information item depends on the properties of the PSVI. In the PSVI, [Schema Part 1] defines a [type definition] property as well as the [type definition namespace], [type definition name] and [type definition anonymous] properties, which are effectively short-cut terms for properties of the type definition. Further, the [element declaration] and [attribute declaration] properties are defined for elements and attributes, respectively. These declarations in turn will identify the [type definition] declared for the element or attribute. To distinguish the [type definition] given in the PSVI for the element or attribute instance from the [type definition] associated with the declaration, the former is referred to below as the actual type and the latter as the declared type of the element or attribute instance in question.

The type depends on the declared type, the actual type, and the [validity] and [validation attempted] properties in the PSVI. If:

The [validity] and [validation attempted] properties exist and have the values "valid" and "full", respectively, the schema type of an element or attribute information item is represented by an expanded-QName whose namespace and local name correspond to the first applicable items in the following list:

If the declared type exists and is a union and the actual type is (not the same as the declared type, and not a type derived from the declared type, but) one of the member types of the union, or derived from one of its member types:

If the {name} property of the declared type is present: the {target namespace} and {name} properties of the declared type.

If the {name} property of the declared type is absent: the namespace and local name of the anonymous type name supplied for the declared type.

If there is no declared type, and the actual type is a union, then:

If the {name} property of the actual type is present: the {target namespace} and {name} properties of the actual type.

If the {name} property of the actual type is absent: the namespace and local name of the anonymous type name supplied for the actual type.

Otherwise:

If [type definition anonymous] is false: the {target namespace} and {name} properties of the actual type.

If [type definition anonymous] is true: the namespace and local name of the anonymous type name supplied for the actual type.

The [validity] property exists and is "invalid", or the [validation attempted] property exists and is "partial", the schema type of an element is xs:anyType and the type of an attribute is xs:anySimpleType.

The [validity] property exists and is "notKnown", and the [validation attempted] property exists and is "none", the schema type of an element is xs:untyped and the type of an attribute is xs:untypedAtomic.

The [validity] or [validation attempted] properties do not exist, the schema type of an element is xs:untyped and the type of an attribute is xs:untypedAtomic.

The prefix associated with the type names is implementation-dependent.

3.3.1.2 Typed Value Determination

This section describes how the typed value of an Element or Attribute Node is computed from an element or attribute PSVI information item, where the information item has either a simple type or a complex type with simple content. For other kinds of Element Nodes, see 6.2.4 Construction from a PSVI; for other kinds of Attribute Nodes, see 6.3.4 Construction from a PSVI.

The typed value of Attribute Nodes and some Element Nodes is a sequence of atomic values. The types of the items in the typed value of a node may differ from the type of the node itself. This section describes how the typed value of a node is derived from the properties of an information item in a PSVI.

The types of the items in the typed value of a node are determined as follows. The process begins with T, the schema type of the node itself, as represented in the PSVI. For each primitive or ordinary simple type T, the W3C XML Schema specification defines a function M mapping the lexical representation of a value onto the value itself.

Note:

For atomic and list types, the mapping is the “lexical mapping” defined for T in [Schema Part 2]; for union types, the mapping is the lexical mapping defined in [Schema Part 2] modified as appropriate by any applicable rules in [Schema Part 1]. The mapping, so modified, is a function (in the mathematical sense) which maps to a single value even in cases where the lexical mapping proper maps to multiple values.

The typed value is determined as follows:

If the nilled property of the node in question is true, then the typed value is the empty sequence.

If T is xs:anySimpleType or xs:anyAtomicType, the typed value is the [schema normalized value] as an instance of xs:untypedAtomic.

Otherwise, the typed value is the result of applying M to the string value as an instance of the appropriate value type, where the appropriate value type is the [member type definition] if T is a union type, otherwise it is simply T.

The typed value determination process is guaranteed to result in a sequence of atomic values, each having a well-defined atomic type. This sequence of atomic values, in turn, determines the typed-value property of the node in the data model.

3.3.1.3 Relationship Between Typed-Value and String-Value

Element and attribute nodes have both typed-value and string-value properties. However, implementations are allowed some flexibility in how these properties are stored. An implementation may choose to store the string-value only and derive the typed-value from it, or to store the typed-value only and derive the string-value from it, or to store both the string-value and the typed-value.

In order to permit these various implementation strategies, some variations in the string value of a node are defined as insignificant. Implementations that store only the typed value of a node are permitted to return a string value that is different from the original lexical form of the node content. For example, consider the following element:

<offset xsi:type="xs:integer">0030</offset>

Assuming that the node is valid, it has a typed value of 30 as an xs:integer. An implementation may return either "30" or "0030" as the string value of the node. Any string that is a valid lexical representation of the typed value is acceptable. In this specification, we express this rule by saying that the relationship between the string value of a node and its typed value must be "consistent with schema validation."

If an implementation stores only the string-value of a node, the following considerations apply:

Where union types occur, the implementation must be able to deliver the typed-value as an instance of the appropriate member type. For example, if the type an element node is my:integer-or-string, which is defined as a union of xs:integer and xs:string, and the string-value of the node is "47", the implementation must be able to deliver the typed-value of the node as either the integer 47 or the string "47", depending on which member type validated the element.

Where types of xs:QName, xs:NOTATION, or types derived from one of these types occur, the implementation must be able to deliver the typed-value as a triple including a local name, a namespace prefix, and a namespace URI, even though the namespace URI is not part of the string-value (see 3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS).

Where an element with a complex type and element-only content occurs, it is an error to attempt to access the typed-value of the Element Node.

If an implementation stores only the typed-value of a node, it must be prepared to construct string values from not only the node, but in some cases also the descendants of that node. For example, an element with a complex type and element-only content has no typed-value but does have a string-value that is the concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order.

3.3.1.4 Pattern Facets

Creating a subtype by restriction generally reduces the value space of the original schema type. For example, expressing a hat size as a restriction of decimal with a minimum value of 6.5 and maximum value of 8.0 creates a schema type whose legal values are only those in the range 6.5 to 8.0.

The pattern facet is different because it restricts the lexical space of the schema type, not its value space. Expressing a three-digit number as a restriction of integer with the pattern facet “[0-9]{3}” creates a schema type whose legal values are only those with a lexical form consisting of three digits.

The pattern facet is not reversible in practice. A given point in the value space might have several lexical representations. In general, there's no practical way to determine which, if any, of these representations satisfies the pattern facet of the type.

As a consequence, pattern facets are not respected when mapping to an Infoset or during serialization and values in the data model that were originally valid with respect to a schema that contains pattern-based restrictions may be invalid after serialization.

3.3.2 Dates and Times

The date and time types require special attention. This section applies to implementations that store the typed value of xs:dateTime, xs:date, xs:time, xs:gYearMonth, xs:gYear, xs:gMonthDay, xs:gMonth, xs:gDay, and types that are derived from them. These are known collectively as the date/time types in this specification.

The values of the date/time types are represented in the data model using seven components:

year

An xs:integer.

month

An xs:integer between 1 and 12, inclusive.

day

An xs:integer between 1 and 31, inclusive, possibly restricted further depending on the values of month and year.

hour

An xs:integer between 0 and 23, inclusive.

minute

An xs:integer between 0 and 59, inclusive.

second

An xs:decimal greater than or equal to zero and less than 60. Leap seconds are not supported.

timezone

An xs:dayTimeDuration between -PT14H00M and PT14H00M, inclusive. All timezone values must be an integral number of minutes.

Components that are intrinsic to the datatype (for example, day, month, and year in a xs:date) are required; components that can never be part of a datatype (for example, years in a xs:time) must be missing. Missing components are represented by the empty sequence. When a component is present, it contains the “local value” that has not been normalized in any way. The timezone component is optional for all the date/time datatypes.

Thus, the lexical xs:dateTime representation “2003-01-02T11:30:00-05:00” is stored as “{2003, 1, 2, 11, 30, 0.0, -PT05H00M}”. The value of the lexical representation “2003-01-16T16:30:00” is stored as “{2003, 1, 16, 16, 30, 0, ()}” because it has no timezone. The value of the lexical xs:gDay representation “---30+10:30” is stored as “{(), (), 30, (), (), (), PT10H30M}”.

The lexical form “24:00:00” is normalized in the component model. As a xs:time, it is stored as “{(), (), (), 0, 0, 0.0, ()}” and the xs:dateTime representation “1999-12-31T24:00:00” is stored as “{2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0.0, ()}”.

Note: Implementations are permitted to store date/time values in any representation that's convenient for them, provided that the individual properties can be accessed and modified.

3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS

The QName and NOTATION data types require special attention. The following sections apply to xs:QName, xs:NOTATION, and types derived from them. These types are referred to collectively as “qualified names”.

As defined in XML Schema, the lexical space for qualified names includes a local name and an optional namespace prefix. The value space for qualified names contains a local name and an optional namespace URI. Therefore, it is not possible to derive a lexical value from the typed value, or vice versa, without access to some context that defines the namespace bindings.

When qualified names exist as values of nodes in a well-formed document, it is always possible to determine such a namespace context. However, the data model also allows qualified names to exist as freestanding atomic values, or as the name or value of a parentless attribute node, and in these cases no namespace context is available.

In this Data Model, therefore, the value space for qualified names contains a local-name, an optional namespace URI, and an optional prefix. The prefix is used only when producing a lexical representation of the value, that is, when casting the value to a string. The prefix plays no part in other operations involving qualified names: in particular, two qualified names are equal if their local names and namespace URIs match, regardless whether they have the same prefix.

The following consistency constraints apply:

If the namespace URI of a qualified name is absent, then the prefix must also be absent.

For every element node whose name has a prefix, the prefix must be one that has a binding to the namespace URI of the element name in the namespaces property of the element.

For every element node whose name has no prefix, the element must have a a binding for the empty prefix to the namespace URI of the element name, or must have no binding for the empty prefix in the case where the name of the element has no namespace URI.

For every attribute node whose name has a prefix, the attribute node must either be parentless, or the prefix must be one that has a binding to the namespace URI of the attribute name in the namespaces property of the parent element.

For every qualified name that contains a prefix and that is included in the typed value of an element node, or of an attribute node that has an element node as its parent, the prefix must be one that is bound to the namespace URI of the qualified name in the namespaces property of that element.

For every qualified name that contains a namespace URI and no prefix, and that is included in the typed value of an element node, or of an attribute node that has an element node as its parent, that element node must have a binding for the empty prefix to that namespace URI in its namespace property.

For every qualified name that contains neither a namespace URI nor a prefix, and that is included in the typed value of an element node, or of an attribute node that has an element node as its parent, that node must not have a binding for the empty prefix.

No qualified name that contains a prefix may be included in the typed value of an attribute node that has no parent.

4 Infoset Mapping

This specification describes how to map each kind of node to the corresponding information item. This mapping produces an Infoset; it does not and cannot produce a PSVI. Validation must be used to obtain a PSVI for a (portion of a) data model instance.

An Infoset can also be constructed by serializing an instance of the data model and parsing it. Serialization is governed by [Serialization].

5 Accessors

A set of accessors is defined on nodes in the data model. For consistency, all the accessors are defined on every kind of node, although several accessors return a constant empty sequence on some kinds of nodes.

In order for processors to be able to operate on instances of the data model, the model must expose the properties of the items it contains. The data model does this by defining a family of accessor functions. These are not functions in the literal sense; they are not available for users or applications to call directly. Rather they are descriptions of the information that an implementation of the data model must expose to applications. Functions and operators available to end-users are described in [Functions and Operators].

Some typed values in the data model are undefined. Attempting to access an undefined property is always an error. Behavior in these cases is implementation-defined and the host language is responsible for determining the result.

5.1 attributes Accessor

dm:attributes($n as node()) as attribute()*

The dm:attributes accessor returns the attributes of a node as a sequence containing zero or more Attribute Nodes. The order of Attribute Nodes is stable but implementation dependent.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.2 base-uri Accessor

dm:base-uri($n as node()) as xs:anyURI?

The dm:base-uri accessor returns the base URI of a node as a sequence containing zero or one URI reference. For more information about base URIs, see [XML Base].

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.3 children Accessor

dm:children($n as node()) as node()*

The dm:children accessor returns the children of a node as a sequence containing zero or more nodes.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.4 document-uri Accessor

dm:document-uri($node as node())  as xs:anyURI?

The dm:document-uri accessor returns the absolute URI of the resource from which the Document Node was constructed, if the absolute URI is available. If there is no URI available, or if it cannot be made absolute when the Document Node is constructed, or if it is used on a node other than a Document Node, the empty sequence is returned.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.5 is-id Accessor

dm:is-id($node as node())  as xs:boolean?

The dm:is-id accessor returns true if the node is an XML ID. Exactly what constitutes an ID depends in part on how the data model was constructed, see 6.2 Element Nodes and 6.3 Attribute Nodes.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.6 is-idrefs Accessor

dm:is-idrefs($node as node())  as xs:boolean?

The dm:is-idrefs accessor returns true if the node is an XML IDREF or IDREFS. Exactly what constitutes an IDREF or IDREFS depends in part on how the data model was constructed, see 6.2 Element Nodes and 6.3 Attribute Nodes.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.7 namespace-bindings Accessor

dm:namespace-bindings($node as node())  as xs:string*

The dm:namespace-bindings accessor returns the dynamic, in-scope namespaces associated with a node as a set of prefix/URI pairs, using an implementation-dependent representation.

The prefix for the default namespace is the zero length string.

The dm:namespace-bindings accessor is defined on all seven node kinds.

Note: this accessor and the namespace-nodes accessor provide two views of the same information.

5.8 namespace-nodes Accessor

dm:namespace-nodes($n as node()) as node()*

The dm:namespace-nodes accessor returns the dynamic, in-scope namespaces associated with a node as a sequence containing zero or more Namespace Nodes. The order of Namespace Nodes is stable but implementation dependent.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

Note: this accessor and the namespace-bindings accessor provide two views of the same information. Implementations that do not need to expose Namespace Nodes might choose not to implement this accessor.

5.9 nilled Accessor

dm:nilled($n as node()) as xs:boolean?

The dm:nilled accessor returns true if the node is "nilled". [Schema Part 1] introduced the nilled mechanism to signal that an element should be accepted as valid when it has no content even when it has a content type which does not require or even necessarily allow empty content.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.10 node-kind Accessor

dm:node-kind($n as node()) as xs:string

The dm:node-kind accessor returns a string identifying the kind of node. It will be one of the following, depending on the kind of node: “attribute”, “comment”, “document”, “element”, “namespace” “processing-instruction”, or “text”.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.11 node-name Accessor

dm:node-name($n as node()) as xs:QName?

The dm:node-name accessor returns the name of the node as a sequence of zero or one xs:QNames. Note that the QName value includes an optional prefix as described in 3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.12 parent Accessor

dm:parent($n as node()) as node()?

The dm:parent accessor returns the parent of a node as a sequence containing zero or one nodes.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.13 string-value Accessor

dm:string-value($n as node()) as xs:string

The dm:string-value accessor returns the string value of a node.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.14 type-name Accessor

dm:type-name($n as node()) as xs:QName?

The dm:type-name accessor returns the name of the schema type of a node as a sequence of zero or one xs:QNames.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.15 typed-value Accessor

dm:typed-value($n as node()) as xs:anyAtomicType*

The dm:typed-value accessor returns the typed-value of the node as a sequence of zero or more atomic values.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.16 unparsed-entity-public-id Accessor

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id( | $node |  as node(),
$entityname |  as xs:string) as xs:string?

The dm:unparsed-entity-public-id accessor returns the public identifier of an unparsed external entity declared in the specified document. If no entity with the name specified in $entityname exists, or if the entity is not an external unparsed entity, or if the entity has no public identifier, the empty sequence is returned.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

5.17 unparsed-entity-system-id Accessor

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id( | $node |  as node(),
$entityname |  as xs:string) as xs:anyURI?

The dm:unparsed-entity-system-id accessor returns the system identifier of an unparsed external entity declared in the specified document. If no entity with the name specified in $entityname exists, or if the entity is not an external unparsed entity, the empty sequence is returned.

It is defined on all seven node kinds.

6 Nodes

[Definition: There are seven kinds of Nodes in the data model: document, element, attribute, text, namespace, processing instruction, and comment.] Each kind of node is described in the following sections.

Note:

A host language based on the Data Model may specify that its usage of the Data Model does not include namespace nodes. Namespace nodes are used only in the "namespaces" property of an element node, which records the bindings of namespace prefixes to namespace URIs. These bindings may be represented either by means of namespace nodes or by using an alternative, implementation-dependent representation.

All nodes must satisfy the following general constraints:

Every node must have a unique identity, distinct from all other nodes.

The children property of a node must not contain two consecutive Text Nodes.

The children property of a node must not contain any empty Text Nodes.

The children and attributes properties of a node must not contain two nodes with the same identity.

6.1 Document Nodes

6.1.1 Overview

Document Nodes encapsulate XML documents. Documents have the following properties:

base-uri, possibly empty.

children, possibly empty.

unparsed-entities, possibly empty.

document-uri, possibly empty.

string-value

typed-value

Document Nodes must satisfy the following constraints.

The children must consist exclusively of Element, Processing Instruction, Comment, and Text Nodes if it is not empty. Attribute, Namespace, and Document Nodes can never appear as children

If a node N is among the children of a Document Node D, then the parent of N must be D.

If a node N has a parent Document Node D, then N must be among the children of D.

The string-value property of a Document Node must be the concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order or, if the document has no such descendants, the zero-length string.

In the [Infoset], a document information item must have at least one child, its children must consist exclusively of element information items, processing instruction information items and comment information items, and exactly one of the children must be an element information item. This data model is more permissive: a Document Node may be empty, it may have more than one Element Node as a child, and it also permits Text Nodes as children.

Implementations that support DTD processing and access to the unparsed entity accessors use the unparsed-entities property to associate information about an unordered collection of unparsed entities with a Document Node. This property is accessed indirectly through the dm:unparsed-entity-system-id and dm:unparsed-entity-public-id functions.

6.1.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the empty sequence

dm:base-uri

Returns the value of the base-uri property.

dm:children

Returns the value of the children property.

dm:document-uri

Returns the absolute URI of the resource from which the Document Node was constructed, or the empty sequence if no such absolute URI is available.

dm:is-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the empty sequence

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the empty sequence

dm:nilled

Returns the empty sequence

dm:node-kind

Returns “document”.

dm:node-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:parent

Returns the empty sequence

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the string-value property.

dm:type-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the typed-value property.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the public identifier of the specified unparsed entity or the empty sequence if no such entity exists.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the system identifier of the specified unparsed entity or the empty sequence if no such entity exists.

6.1.3 Construction from an Infoset

The document information item is required. A Document Node is constructed for each document information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [children] and [base URI].

The following infoset properties are optional: [unparsed entities].

Document Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

base-uri

The value of the [base URI] property. Note that the base URI property is always an absolute URI (if an absolute URI can be computed) though it may contain Unicode characters that are not allowed in URIs. These characters, if they occur, are present in the base-uri property and will have to be encoded and escaped by the application to obtain a URI suitable for retrieval, if retrieval is required.

children

The sequence of nodes constructed from the information items found in the [children] property.

For each element, processing instruction, and comment found in the [children] property, a corresponding Element, Processing Instruction, or Comment Node is constructed and that sequence of nodes is used as the value of the children property.

If present among the [children], the document type declaration information item is ignored.

unparsed-entities

If the [unparsed entities] property is present and is not the empty set, the values of the unparsed entity information items must be used to support the dm:unparsed-entity-system-id and dm:unparsed-entity-public-id accessors.

The internal structure of the values of the unparsed-entities property is implementation defined.

string-value

The concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order. If the document has no such descendants, the zero-length string.

typed-value

The dm:string-value of the node as an xs:untypedAtomic value.

document-uri

The document-uri property holds the absolute URI for the resource from which the document node was constructed, if one is available and can be made absolute. For example, if a collection of documents is returned by the fn:collection function, the document-uri property may serve to distinguish between them even though each has the same base-uri property.

If the document-uri is not the empty sequence, then the following constraint must hold: the node returned by evaluating fn:doc() with the document-uri as its argument must return the document node that provided the value of the document-uri property.

In other words, for any Document Node $arg, either fn:document-uri($arg) must return the empty sequence or fn:doc(fn:document-uri($arg)) must return $arg.

6.1.4 Construction from a PSVI

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

6.1.5 Infoset Mapping

A Document Node maps to a document information item. The mapping fails and produces no value if the Document Node contains Text Node children that do not consist entirely of white space or if the Document Node contains more than one Element Node child.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[children]

A list of information items obtained by processing each of the dm:children in order and mapping each to the appropriate information item(s).

[document element]

The element information item that is among the [children].

[unparsed entities]

An unordered set of unparsed entity information items constructed from the unparsed-entities.

Each unparsed entity maps to an unparsed entity information item. The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[name]

The name of the entity.

[system identifier]

The system identifier of the entity.

[public identifier]

The public identifier of the entity.

[declaration base URI]

Implementation defined. In the many cases, the document-uri is the correct answer and implementations must use this value if they have no better information. Implementations that keep track of the original [declaration base URI] for entities should use that value.

The following properties of the unparsed entity information item have no value: [notation name], [notation].

The following properties of the document information item have no value: [notations] [character encoding scheme] [standalone] [version] [all declarations processed].

6.2 Element Nodes

6.2.1 Overview

Element Nodes encapsulate XML elements. Elements have the following properties:

base-uri, possibly empty.

node-name

parent, possibly empty

type-name

children, possibly empty

attributes, possibly empty

namespaces

nilled

string-value

typed-value

is-id

is-idrefs

Element Nodes must satisfy the following constraints.

The children must consist exclusively of Element, Processing Instruction, Comment, and Text Nodes if it is not empty. Attribute, Namespace, and Document Nodes can never appear as children

The Attribute Nodes of an element must have distinct xs:QNames.

If a node N is among the children of an element E, then the parent of N must be E.

Exclusive of Attribute and Namespace Nodes, if a node N has a parent element E, then N must be among the children of E. (Attribute and Namespace Nodes have a parent, but they do not appear among the children of their parent.)

The data model permits Element Nodes without parents (to represent partial results during expression processing, for example). Such Element Nodes must not appear among the children of any other node.

If an Attribute Node A is among the attributes of an element E, then the parent of A must be E.

If an Attribute Node A has a parent element E, then A must be among the attributes of E.

The data model permits Attribute Nodes without parents. Such Attribute Nodes must not appear among the attributes of any Element Node.

If a Namespace Node N is among the namespaces of an element E, then the parent of N must be E.

If a Namespace Node N has a parent element E, then N must be among the namespaces of E.

The data model permits Namespace Nodes without parents. Such Namespace Nodes must not appear among the namespaces of any Element Node. This constraint is irrelevant for implementations that do not support Namespace Nodes.

If the dm:type-name of an Element Node is xs:untyped, then the dm:type-name of all its descendant elements must also be xs:untyped and the dm:type-name of all its Attribute Nodes must be xs:untypedAtomic.

If the dm:type-name of an Element Node is xs:untyped, then the nilled property must be false.

If the nilled property is true, then the children property must not contain Element Nodes or Text Nodes.

For every expanded QName that appears in the dm:node-name of the element, the dm:node-name of any Attribute Node among the attributes of the element, or in any value of type xs:QName or xs:NOTATION (or any type derived from those types) that appears in the typed-value of the element or the typed-value of any of its attributes, if the expanded QName has a non-empty URI, then there must be a prefix binding for this URI among the namespaces of this Element Node.

If any of the expanded QNames has an empty URI, then there must not be any binding among the namespaces of this Element Node which binds the empty prefix to a URI.

Every element must include a Namespace Node and/or namespace binding for the prefix xml bound to the URI http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace and there must be no other prefix bound to that URI.

The string-value property of an Element Node must be the concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order or, if the element has no such descendants, the zero-length string.

6.2.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the value of the attributes property. The order of Attribute Nodes is stable but implementation dependent.

dm:base-uri

Returns the value of the base-uri property.

dm:children

Returns the value of the children property.

dm:document-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-id

Returns the value of the is-id property.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the value of the is-idrefs property.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the value of the namespaces property as a set of prefix/URI pairs.

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the value of the namespaces property as a sequence of Namespace Nodes. The order of Namespace Nodes is stable but implementation dependent.

dm:nilled

Returns the value of the nilled property.

dm:node-kind

Returns “element”.

dm:node-name

Returns the value of the node-name property.

dm:parent

Returns the value of the parent property.

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the string-value property.

dm:type-name

Returns the value of the type-name property.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the typed-value property.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the empty sequence.

6.2.3 Construction from an Infoset

The element information items are required. An Element Node is constructed for each element information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [namespace name], [local name], [children], [attributes], [in-scope namespaces], [base URI], and [parent].

Element Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

base-uri

The value of the [base URI] property. Note that the base URI property is always an absolute URI (if an absolute URI can be computed) though it may contain Unicode characters that are not allowed in URIs. These characters, if they occur, are present in the base-uri property and will have to be encoded and escaped by the application to obtain a URI suitable for retrieval, if retrieval is required.

node-name

An xs:QName constructed from the [prefix], [local name], and [namespace name] properties.

parent

The node that corresponds to the value of the [parent] property or the empty sequence if there is no parent.

type-name

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have the type xs:untyped.

children

The sequence of nodes constructed from the information items found in the [children] property.

For each element, processing instruction, comment, and maximal sequence of adjacent character information items found in the [children] property, a corresponding Element, Processing Instruction, Comment, or Text Node is constructed and that sequence of nodes is used as the value of the children property.

Because the data model requires that all general entities be expanded, there will never be unexpanded entity reference information item children.

attributes

A set of Attribute Nodes constructed from the attribute information items appearing in the [attributes] property. This includes all of the "special" attributes (xml:lang, xml:space, xsi:type, etc.) but does not include namespace declarations (because they are not attributes).

Default and fixed attributes provided by the DTD are added to the [attributes] and are therefore included in the data model attributes of an element.

namespaces

A set of Namespace Nodes constructed from the namespace information items appearing in the [in-scope namespaces] property. Implementations that do not support Namespace Nodes may simply preserve the relevant bindings in this property.

Implementations may ignore namespace information items for namespaces which are not known to be used. A namespace is known to be used if:

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of the element.

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of any of the element's attributes.

Note: applications may rely on namespaces that are not known to be used, for example when QNames are used in content and that content does not have a type of xs:QName Such applications may have difficulty processing data models where some namespaces have been ignored.

nilled

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have a nilled property of "false".

string-value

The string-value is constructed from the character information item [children] of the element and all its descendants. The precise rules for selecting significant character information items and constructing characters from them is described in 6.7.3 Construction from an Infoset of 6.7 Text Nodes.

This process is equivalent to concatenating the dm:string-values of all of the Text Node descendants of the resulting Element Node.

If the element has no such descendants, the string-value is the empty string.

typed-value

The string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

is-id

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have a is-id property of "false".

is-idrefs

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have a is-idrefs property of "false".

6.2.4 Construction from a PSVI

The following Element Node properties are affected by PSVI properties.

type-name

The type-name is determined as described in 3.3.1.1 Element and Attribute Node Type Names.

children

The sequence of nodes constructed from the information items found in the [children] property.

For each element, processing instruction, comment, and maximal sequence of adjacent character information items found in the [children] property, a corresponding Element, Processing Instruction, Comment, or Text Node is constructed and that sequence of nodes is used as the value of the children property.

For elements with schema simple types, or complex types with simple content, if the [schema normalized value] PSVI property exists, the processor may use a sequence of nodes containing the Processing Instruction and Comment Nodes corresponding to the processing instruction and comment information items found in the [children] property, plus an optional single Text Node whose string value is the [schema normalized value] for the children property. If the [schema normalized value] is the empty string, the Text Node must not be present, otherwise it must be present.

The relative order of Processing Instruction and Comment Nodes must be preserved, but the position of the Text Node, if it is present, among them is implementation defined.

The effect of the above rules is that where a fixed or default value for an element is defined in the schema, and the element takes this default value, a text node will be created to contain the value, even though there are no character information items representing the value in the PSVI. The position of this text node relative to any comment or processing instruction children is implementation-dependent.

[Schema Part 1] also permits an element with mixed content to take a default or fixed value (which will always be a simple value), but at the time of this writing it is unclear how such a defaulted value is represented in the PSVI. Implementations therefore may represent such a default value by creating a text node, but are not required to do so.

Because the data model requires that all general entities be expanded, there will never be unexpanded entity reference information item children.

attributes

A set of Attribute Nodes constructed from the attribute information items appearing in the [attributes] property. This includes all of the "special" attributes (xml:lang, xml:space, xsi:type, etc.) but does not include namespace declarations (because they are not attributes).

Default and fixed attributes provided by XML Schema processing are added to the [attributes] and are therefore included in the data model attributes of an element.

namespaces

A set of Namespace Nodes constructed from the namespace information items appearing in the [in-scope namespaces] property. Implementations that do not support Namespace Nodes may simply preserve the relevant bindings in this property.

Implementations may ignore namespace information items for namespaces which are not known to be used. A namespace is known to be used if:

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of the element.

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of any of the element's attributes.

It appears in the expanded QName of any values of type xs:QName that appear among the element's children or the typed values of its attributes.

Note: applications may rely on namespaces that are not known to be used, for example when QNames are used in content and that content does not have a type of xs:QName Such applications may have difficulty processing data models where some namespaces have been ignored.

nilled

If the [validity] property exists on an information item and is "valid" then if the [nil] property exists and is true, then the nilled property is "true". In all other cases, including all cases where schema validity assessment was not attempted or did not succeed, the nilled property is "false".

string-value

The string-value is calculated as follows:

If the element is empty: its string value is the zero length string.

If the element has a type of xs:untyped, a complex type with element-only content, or a complex type with mixed content: its string-value is the concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order.

If the element has a simple type or a complex type with simple content: its string-value is the [schema normalized value] of the node.

If an implementation stores only the typed value of an element, it may use any valid lexical representation of the typed value for the string-value property.

typed-value

The typed-value is calculated as follows:

If the element is of type xs:untyped, its typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

If the element has a complex type with empty content, its typed-value is the empty sequence.

If the element has a simple type or a complex type with simple content: its typed value is computed as described in 3.3.1.2 Typed Value Determination. The result is a sequence of zero or more atomic values. The relationship between the type-name, typed-value, and string-value of an element node is consistent with XML Schema validation.

Note that in the case of dates and times, the timezone is preserved as described in 3.3.2 Dates and Times, and in the case of xs:QNames and xs:NOTATIONs, the prefix is preserved as described in 3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS.

If the element has a complex type with mixed content (including xs:anyType), its typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

Otherwise, the element must be a complex type with element-only content. The typed-value of such an element is undefined. Attempting to access this property with the dm:typed-value accessor always raises an error.

is-id

If the element has a complex type with element-only content, the is-id property is false. Otherwise, if the typed-value of the element consists of exactly one atomic value that value is of type xs:ID, or a type derived from xs:ID, the is-id property is true, otherwise it is false.

is-idrefs

If the element has a complex type with element-only content, the is-idrefs property is false. Otherwise, if any of the atomic values in the typed-value of the element is of type xs:IDREF or xs:IDREFS, or a type derived from one of those types, the is-idrefs property is true, otherwise it is false.

All other properties have values that are consistent with construction from an infoset.

6.2.5 Infoset Mapping

An Element Node maps to an element information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[namespace name]

The namespace name of the value of dm:node-name.

[local name]

The local part of the value of dm:node-name.

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the value of dm:node-name.

[children]

A list of information items obtained by processing each of the dm:children in order and mapping each to the appropriate information item(s).

[attributes]

An unordered set of information items obtained by processing each of the dm:attributes and mapping each to the appropriate information item(s).

[in-scope namespaces]

An unordered set of namespace information items constructed from the namespaces.

Each in-scope namespace maps to a namespace information item. The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the namespace.

[namespace name]

The URI associated with the namespace.

[base URI]

The value of dm:base-uri.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

The following property has no value: [namespace attributes].

6.3 Attribute Nodes

6.3.1 Overview

Attribute Nodes represent XML attributes. Attributes have the following properties:

node-name

parent, possibly empty

type-name

string-value

typed-value

is-id

is-idrefs

Attribute Nodes must satisfy the following constraints.

If an Attribute Node A is among the attributes of an element E, then the parent of A must be E.

If a Attribute Node A has a parent element E, then A must be among the attributes of E.

The data model permits Attribute Nodes without parents (to represent partial results during expression processing, for example). Such attributes must not appear among the attributes of any Element Node.

For convenience, the Element Node that owns this attribute is called its "parent" even though an Attribute Node is not a "child" of its parent element.

6.3.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:base-uri

If the attribute has a parent, returns the value of the dm:base-uri of its parent; otherwise it returns the empty sequence.

dm:children

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:document-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-id

Returns the value of the is-id property.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the value of the is-idrefs property.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:nilled

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:node-kind

Returns “attribute”.

dm:node-name

Returns the value of the node-name property.

dm:parent

Returns the value of the parent property.

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the string-value property.

dm:type-name

Returns the value of the type-name property.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the typed-value property.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the empty sequence.

6.3.3 Construction from an Infoset

The attribute information items are required. An Attribute Node is constructed for each attribute information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [namespace name], [local name], [normalized value], [attribute type], and [owner element].

Attribute Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

node-name

An xs:QName constructed from the [prefix], [local name], and [namespace name] properties.

parent

The Element Node that corresponds to the value of the [owner element] property or the empty sequence if there is no owner.

type-name

The value xs:untypedAtomic.

string-value

The [normalized value] of the attribute.

typed-value

The attribute’s typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

is-id

If the attribute is named xml:id and its [attribute type] property does not have the value ID, then [xml:id] processing is performed. This will assure that the value does have the type ID and that it is properly normalized. If an error is encountered during xml:id processing, an implementation may raise a dynamic error. The is-id property is always true for attributes named xml:id.

If the [attribute type] property has the value ID, true, otherwise false.

is-idrefs

If the [attribute type] property has the value IDREF or IDREFS, true, otherwise false.

6.3.4 Construction from a PSVI

The following Attribute Node properties are affected by PSVI properties.

string-value

The [schema normalized value] PSVI property if that exists.

Otherwise, the [normalized value] property.

If an implementation stores only the typed value of an attribute, it may use any valid lexical representation of the typed value for the string-value property.

type-name

The type-name is determined as described in 3.3.1.1 Element and Attribute Node Type Names.

typed-value

The typed-value is calculated as follows:

If the attribute is of type xs:untypedAtomic: its typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

Otherwise, a sequence of zero or more atomic values as described in 3.3.1.2 Typed Value Determination. The relationship between the type-name, typed-value, and string-value of an attribute node is consistent with XML Schema validation.

is-id

If the attribute is named xml:id and its [attribute type] property does not have the value xs:ID, then [xml:id] processing is performed. This will assure that the value does have the type xs:ID and that it is properly normalized. If an error is encountered during xml:id processing, an implementation may raise a dynamic error. The is-id property is always true for attributes named xml:id.

If the type-name is xs:ID or a type derived from xs:ID, true, otherwise false.

is-idrefs

If any of the atomic values in the typed-value of the attribute is of type xs:IDREF or xs:IDREFS, or a type derived from one of those types, the is-idrefs property is true, otherwise it is false.

All other properties have values that are consistent with construction from an infoset.

Note: attributes from the XML Schema instance namespace, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", (xsi:schemaLocation, xsi:type, etc.) appear as ordinary attributes in the data model.

6.3.5 Infoset Mapping

An Attribute Node maps to an attribute information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[namespace name]

The namespace name of the value of dm:node-name.

[local name]

The local part of the value of dm:node-name.

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the value of dm:node-name.

[normalized value]

The value of dm:string-value.

[owner element]

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

The following properties have no value: [specified] [attribute type] [references].

6.4 Namespace Nodes

6.4.1 Overview

Each Namespace Node represents the binding of a namespace URI to a namespace prefix or to the default namespace. Implementations that do not use Namespace Nodes may represent the same information using the namespaces property of an element node. Namespaces have the following properties:

prefix, possibly empty

uri

parent, possibly empty

Namespace Nodes must satisfy the following constraints.

If a Namespace Node N is among the namespaces of an element E, then the parent of N must be E.

If a Namespace Node N has a parent element E, then N must be among the namespaces of E.

The data model permits Namespace Nodes without parents, see below.

In XPath 1.0, Namespace Nodes were directly accessible by applications, by means of the namespace axis. In XPath 2.0 the namespace axis is deprecated, and it is not available at all in XQuery 1.0. XPath 2.0 implementations are not required to expose the namespace axis, though they may do so if they wish to offer backwards compatibility.

The information held in namespace nodes is instead made available to applications using functions defined in [Functions and Operators]. Some properties of Namespace Nodes are not exposed by these functions: in particular, properties related to the identity of Namespace Nodes, their parentage, and their position in document order. Implementations that do not expose the namespace axis can therefore avoid the overhead of maintaining this information.

Implementations that expose the namespace axis must provide unique Namespace Nodes for each element. Each element has an associated set of Namespace Nodes, one for each distinct namespace prefix that is in scope for the element (including the xml prefix, which is implicitly declared by [Namespaces in XML] and one for the default namespace if one is in scope for the element. The element is the parent of each of these Namespace Nodes; however, a Namespace Node is not a child of its parent element. In implementations that expose the namespace axis, elements never share namespace nodes.

Note:

In implementations that do not expose the namespace axis, there is no means by which the host language can tell if namespace nodes are shared or not and, in such circumstances, sharing namespace nodes may be a very reasonable implementation strategy.

6.4.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:base-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:children

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:document-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:nilled

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:node-kind

Returns “namespace”.

dm:node-name

If the prefix is not empty, returns an xs:QName with the value of the prefix property in the local-name and an empty namespace name, otherwise returns the empty sequence.

dm:parent

Returns the value of the parent property.

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the uri property.

dm:type-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the uri property as an xs:string.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the empty sequence.

6.4.3 Construction from an Infoset

The namespace information items are required.

The following infoset properties are required: [prefix], [namespace name].

Namespace Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

prefix

The [prefix] property.

uri

The [namespace name] property.

parent

The element in whose [in-scope namespaces] property the namespace information item appears, if the implementation exposes any mechanism for accessing the dm:parent accessor of Namespace Nodes.

6.4.4 Construction from a PSVI

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

6.4.5 Infoset Mapping

A Namespace Node maps to a namespace information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the namespace.

[namespace name]

The value of dm:string-value.

6.5 Processing Instruction Nodes

6.5.1 Overview

Processing Instruction Nodes encapsulate XML processing instructions. Processing instructions have the following properties:

target

content

base-uri, possibly empty

parent, possibly empty

Processing Instruction Nodes must satisfy the following constraints.

The string "?>" must not occur within the content.

The target must be an NCName.

6.5.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:base-uri

Returns the value of the base-uri property.

dm:children

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:document-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:nilled

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:node-kind

Returns “processing-instruction”.

dm:node-name

Returns an xs:QName with the value of the target property in the local-name and an empty namespace URI and empty prefix.

dm:parent

Returns the value of the parent property.

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the content property.

dm:type-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the content property as a xs:string.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the empty sequence.

6.5.3 Construction from an Infoset

A Processing Instruction Node is constructed for each processing instruction information item that is not ignored.

The following infoset properties are required: [target], [content], [base URI], and [parent].

Processing Instruction Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

target

The value of the [target] property.

content

The value of the [content] property.

base-uri

The value of the [base URI] property. Note that the base URI property is always an absolute URI (if an absolute URI can be computed) though it may contain Unicode characters that are not allowed in URIs. These characters, if they occur, are present in the base-uri property and will have to be encoded and escaped by the application to obtain a URI suitable for retrieval, if retrieval is required.

parent

The node corresponding to the value of the [parent] property.

There are no Processing Instruction Nodes for processing instructions that are children of a document type declaration information item.

6.5.4 Construction from a PSVI

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

6.5.5 Infoset Mapping

An Processing Instruction Node maps to a processing instruction information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[target]

The local part of the value of dm:node-name.

[content]

The value of dm:string-value.

[base URI]

The value of dm:base-uri.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

[notation]

no value.

6.6 Comment Nodes

6.6.1 Overview

Comment Nodes encapsulate XML comments. Comments have the following properties:

content

parent, possibly empty

Comment Nodes must satisfy the following constraints.

The string "--" must not occur within the content.

The character "-" must not occur as the last character of the content.

6.6.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:base-uri

If the comment has a parent, returns the value of the dm:base-uri of its parent; otherwise, returns the empty sequence.

dm:children

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:document-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:nilled

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:node-kind

Returns “comment”.

dm:node-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:parent

Returns the value of the parent property.

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the content property.

dm:type-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the content property as a xs:string.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the empty sequence.

6.6.3 Construction from an Infoset

The comment information items are optional.

A Comment Node is constructed for each comment information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [content] and [parent].

Comment Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

content

The value of the [content] property.

parent

The node corresponding to the value of the [parent] property.

There are no Comment Nodes for comments that are children of a document type declaration information item.

6.6.4 Construction from a PSVI

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

6.6.5 Infoset Mapping

A Comment Node maps to a comment information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[content]

The value of the dm:string-value.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

6.7 Text Nodes

6.7.1 Overview

Text Nodes encapsulate XML character content. Text has the following properties:

content

parent, possibly empty.

Text Nodes must satisfy the following constraint:

If the parent of a text node is not empty, the Text Node must not contain the zero-length string as its content.

In addition, Document and Element Nodes impose the constraint that two consecutive Text Nodes can never occur as adjacent siblings. When a Document or Element Node is constructed, Text Nodes that would be adjacent must be combined into a single Text Node. If the resulting Text Node is empty, it must never be placed among the children of its parent, it is simply discarded.

6.7.2 Accessors

dm:attributes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:base-uri

If the Text Node has a parent, returns the value of the dm:base-uri of its parent; otherwise, returns the empty sequence.

dm:children

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:document-uri

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:is-idrefs

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-bindings

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:namespace-nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:nilled

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:node-kind

Returns “text”.

dm:node-name

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:parent

Returns the value of the parent property.

dm:string-value

Returns the value of the content property.

dm:type-name

Returns xs:untypedAtomic.

dm:typed-value

Returns the value of the content property as an xs:untypedAtomic.

dm:unparsed-entity-public-id

Returns the empty sequence.

dm:unparsed-entity-system-id

Returns the empty sequence.

6.7.3 Construction from an Infoset

The character information items are required. A Text Node is constructed for each maximal sequence of character information items in document order.

The following infoset properties are required: [character code] and [parent].

The following infoset properties are optional: [element content whitespace].

A sequence of character information items is maximal if it satisfies the following constraints:

All of the information items in the sequence have the same parent.

The sequence consists of adjacent character information items uninterrupted by other types of information item.

No other such sequence exists that contains any of the same character information items and is longer.

Text Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

content

A string comprised of characters that correspond to the [character code] properties of each of the character information items.

If the resulting Text Node consists entirely of whitespace and the [element content whitespace] property of the character information items used to construct this node are true, the content of the Text Node is the zero-length string. Text Nodes are only allowed to be empty if they have no parents; an empty Text Node will be discarded when its parent is constructed, if it has a parent.

The content of the Text Node is not necessarily normalized as described in the [Character Model]. It is the responsibility of data producers to provide normalized text, and the responsibility of applications to make sure that operations do not de-normalize text.

parent

The node corresponding to the value of the [parent] property.

Text Nodes are only allowed to be empty if they have no parents; an empty Text Node will be discarded when its parent is constructed, if it has a parent.

6.7.4 Construction from a PSVI

For Text Nodes constructed from the [schema normalized value] of elements, content contains the value of the [schema normalized value].

Otherwise, construction from a PSVI is the same as construction from the Infoset except for the content property. When constructing the content property, [element content whitespace] is not used to test if whitespace is collapsed. Instead, if the resulting Text Node consists entirely of whitespace and the character information items used to construct this node have a parent and that parent is an element and its {content type} is not “mixed”, then the content of the Text Node is the zero-length string.

6.7.5 Infoset Mapping

A Text Node maps to a sequence of character information items.

Each character of the dm:string-value of the node is converted into a character information item as specified by this mapping:

[character code]

The Unicode code point value of the character.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

[element content whitespace]

Unknown.

This sequence of characters constitutes the infoset mapping.

7 Conformance

The data model is intended primarily as a component that can be used by other specifications. Therefore, the data model relies on specifications that use it (such as [XPath 2.0], [XSLT 2.0], and [XQuery]) to specify conformance criteria for the data model in their respective environments. Specifications that set conformance criteria for their use of the data model must not relax the constraints expressed in this specification.

Authors of conformance criteria for the use of the data model should pay particular attention to the following features of the data model:

Support for the normative construction from an infoset described in 3.2 Construction from an Infoset.

Support for the normative construction from a PSVI described in 3.3 Construction from a PSVI.

Support for XML 1.0 and XML 1.1.

How namespaces are supported, through nodes or through the alternative, implementation-dependent representation.

A XML Information Set Conformance

This specification conforms to the XML Information Set [Infoset]. The following information items must be exposed by the infoset producer to construct a data model unless they are explicitly identified as optional:

The Document Information Item with [base URI], [children], and, optionally, [unparsed entities] properties. If the [unparsed entities] property is supported, the Unparsed Entity Information Items must also be supported.

Element Information Items with [base URI], [children], [attributes], [in-scope namespaces], [prefix], [local name], [namespace name], [parent] properties.

Attribute Information Items with [namespace name], [prefix], [local name], [normalized value], [attribute type], and [owner element] properties.

Character Information Items with [character code], [parent], and, optionally, [element content whitespace] properties.

Processing Instruction Information Items with [base URI], [target], [content] and [parent] properties.

Comment Information Items with [content] and [parent] properties.

Namespace Information Items with [prefix] and [namespace name] properties.

Other information items and properties made available by the Infoset processor are ignored. In addition to the properties above, the following PSVI properties are required on Element Information Items and Attribute Information Items if the data model is constructed from a PSVI:

[validity], [validation attempted], [type definition], [type definition namespace], [type definition name], [type definition anonymous], [nil], [member type definition], [member type definition namespace], [member type definition name], [member type definition anonymous] and [schema normalized value].

B References

B.1 Normative References

Infoset

XML Information Set (Second Edition), John Cowan and Richard Tobin, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 04 Feb 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-infoset.

Namespaces in XML

Namespaces in XML, Andrew Layman, Dave Hollander, and Tim Bray, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 14 Jan 1999. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xml-names-19990114. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names.

Namespaces in XML 1.1

Namespaces in XML 1.1 (Second Edition), Tim Bray, Dave Hollander, Andrew Layman, and Richard Tobin, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 16 Aug 2006. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names11-20060816. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names11/.

xml:id

xml:id Version 1.0, Norman Walsh, Daniel Veillard, and Jonathan Marsh, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 09 Sep 2005. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-id/.

XPath 2.0

XML Path Language (XPath) 2.0, Don Chamberlin , Anders Berglund, Scott Boag, et. al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 23 Jan 2007. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xpath20-20070123/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath20/.

Functions and Operators

XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Functions and Operators, Ashok Malhotra, Jim Melton, and Norman Walsh, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 23 Jan 2007. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xpath-functions-20070123/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions/.

Schema Part 1

XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition, Henry S. Thompson, David Beech, Noah Mendelsohn, and Murray Maloney, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 28 Oct 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-1-20041028/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/.

Schema Part 2

XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition, Paul V. Biron and Ashok Malhotra, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 28 Oct 2004. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/.

Serialization

XSLT 2.0 and XQuery 1.0 Serialization, Joanne Tong, Michael Kay, Norman Walsh, et. al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 23 Jan 2007. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xslt-xquery-serialization-20070123/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-xquery-serialization/.

Formal Semantics

XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal Semantics, Jérôme Siméon, Denise Draper, Peter Frankhauser, et. al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 23 Jan 2007. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xquery-semantics-20070123/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/.

RFC 2119

Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels, S. Bradner. Network Working Group, IETF, Mar 1997.

RFC 3986

Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, and L. Masinter. Network Working Group, IETF, Jan 2005.

RFC 2987

Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), M. Duerst and M. Suignard. Network Working Group, IETF, Jan 2005.

Character Model

Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Fundamentals, François Yergeau, Richard Ishida, Tex Texin, et. al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 15 Feb 2005. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-charmod-20050215/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/charmod/.

B.2 Other References

XML Query Data Model

XML Query Data Model, Mary Fernández and Jonathan Robie, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 15 Feb 2001.

XML Base

XML Base, Jonathan Marsh, Editor. World Wide Web Consortium, 27 Jun 2001. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xmlbase-20010627/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/.

XPath 1.0

XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0, James Clark and Steven DeRose, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 16 Nov 1999. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath.

XPath 2.0 Requirements

XPath Requirements Version 2.0, Mary Fernández, K Karun, and Mark Scardina, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 3 Jun 2005. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-xpath20req-20050603/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath20req.

XSLT 2.0

XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 2.0, Michael Kay, Editor. World Wide Web Consortium, 23 Jan 2007. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xslt20-20070123/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/.

XML Query Working Group

XML Query Working Group, World Wide Web Consortium. Home page: http://www.w3.org/XML/Query

XSL Working Group

XSL Working Group, World Wide Web Consortium. Home page: http://www.w3.org/Style/XSL/

XQuery

XQuery 1.0: An XML Query Language, Don Chamberlin , Anders Berglund, Scott Boag, et. al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 23 Jan 2007. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xquery-20070123/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/.

XML Query Requirements

XML Query (XQuery) Requirements, Don Chamberlin, Peter Fankhauser, Massimo Marchiori, and Jonathan Robie, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 3 Jun 2005. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/WD-xquery-requirements-20050603/. The latest version is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-requirements/.

ISO 8601

ISO (International Organization for Standardization). Representations of dates and times, 2000-08-03. Available from: http://www.iso.ch/

C Schema for the Extended XS Namespace

The following schema defines the additional types in the xs: namespace identified by this document.

You can retrieve the normative schema for this namespace from http://www.w3.org/2007/xpath-datatypes.

<?xml version='1.0'?>

<!--
This is an XML Schema document for the XML Schema namespace,
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema, that has been extended to
include definitions for the xs:dayTimeDuration and
xs:yearMonthDuration types.

The other xs: types defined in XDM are not described here because
xs:untyped and xs:anyAtomicType are special types that cannot be
properly defined using XML Schema itself and because xs:untypedAtomic
should not be used for validation, but only used for unvalidated
elements and attributes.
-->

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           elementFormDefault="qualified"
           xml:lang="en">

<xs:include schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema.xsd"/>

<xs:simpleType name='dayTimeDuration'>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation
        source="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel#dayTimeDuration"/>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:restriction base='xs:duration'>
    <xs:pattern value="[^YM]*[DT].*"/>
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name='yearMonthDuration'>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation
        source="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel#yearMonthDuration"/>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:restriction base='xs:duration'>
    <xs:pattern value="[^DT]*"/>
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

</xs:schema>

D Glossary (Non-Normative)

anonymous type name

An anonymous type name is an implementation dependent, unique type name provided by the processor for every anonymous type declared in the schemas available.

atomic type

An atomic type is a primitive simple type or a type derived by restriction from another atomic type.

atomic value

An atomic value is a value in the value space of an atomic type and is labeled with the name of that atomic type.

document

A tree whose root node is a Document Node is referred to as a document.

document order

A document order is defined among all the nodes accessible during a given query or transformation. Document order is a total ordering, although the relative order of some nodes is implementation-dependent. Informally, document order is the order in which nodes appear in the XML serialization of a document.

expanded-QName

An expanded-QName is a set of three values consisting of a possibly empty prefix, a possibly empty namespace URI, and a local name.

fragment

A tree whose root node is not a Document Node is referred to as a fragment.

implementation defined

Implementation-defined indicates an aspect that may differ between implementations, but must be specified by the implementor for each particular implementation.

implementation dependent

Implementation-dependent indicates an aspect that may differ between implementations, is not specified by this or any W3C specification, and is not required to be specified by the implementor for any particular implementation.

incompletely validated

An incompletely validated document is an XML document that has a corresponding schema but whose schema-validity assessment has resulted in one or more element or attribute information items being assigned values other than 'valid' for the [validity] property in the PSVI.

instance of the data model

Every instance of the data model is a sequence.

item

An item is either a node or an atomic value

Node

There are seven kinds of Nodes in the data model: document, element, attribute, text, namespace, processing instruction, and comment.

primitive simple type

There are 23 primitive simple types: the 19 defined in Section 3.2 Primitive datatypesXS2 of [Schema Part 2] and xs:untyped, xs:untypedAtomic, xs:anyAtomicType, xs:dayTimeDuration, and xs:yearMonthDuration

sequence

A sequence is an ordered collection of zero or more items.

stable

Document order is stable, which means that the relative order of two nodes will not change during the processing of a given query or transformation, even if this order is implementation-dependent.

E Example (Non-Normative)

The following XML document is used to illustrate the information contained in a data model:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="dm-example.xsl"?>
<catalog xmlns="http://www.example.com/catalog"
         xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
         xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.example.com/catalog
                             dm-example.xsd"
         xml:lang="en"
         version="0.1">

<!-- This example is for data model illustration only.
     It does not demonstrate good schema design. -->

<tshirt code="T1534017" label=" Staind : Been Awhile "
        xlink:href="http://example.com/0,,1655091,00.html"
        sizes="M L XL">
  <title> Staind: Been Awhile Tee Black (1-sided) </title>
  <description>
    <html:p>
      Lyrics from the hit song 'It's Been Awhile'
      are shown in white, beneath the large
      'Flock &amp; Weld' Staind logo.
    </html:p>
  </description>
  <price> 25.00 </price>
</tshirt>

<album code="A1481344" label=" Staind : Its Been A While "
       formats="CD">
  <title> It's Been A While </title>
  <description xsi:nil="true" />
  <price currency="USD"> 10.99 </price>
  <artist> Staind </artist>
</album>

</catalog>

The document is associated with the URI "http://www.example.com/catalog.xml", and is valid with respect to the following XML schema:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:cat="http://www.example.com/catalog"
           xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
           targetNamespace="http://www.example.com/catalog"
           elementFormDefault="qualified">

<xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
           schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd" />

<xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
           schemaLocation="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~puninj/XGMML/xlinks-2001.xsd" />

<xs:element name="catalog">
  <xs:complexType>
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element ref="cat:_item" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
    </xs:sequence>
    <xs:attribute name="version" type="xs:string" fixed="0.1" use="required" />
    <xs:attribute ref="xml:base" />
    <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang" />
  </xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

<xs:element name="_item" type="cat:itemType" abstract="true" />

<xs:complexType name="itemType">
  <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="title" type="xs:token" />
    <xs:element name="description" type="cat:description" nillable="true" />
    <xs:element name="price" type="cat:price" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
  </xs:sequence>
  <xs:attribute name="label" type="xs:token" />
  <xs:attribute name="code" type="xs:ID" use="required" />
  <xs:attributeGroup ref="xlink:simpleLink" />
</xs:complexType>

<xs:element name="tshirt" type="cat:tshirtType" substitutionGroup="cat:_item" />

<xs:complexType name="tshirtType">
  <xs:complexContent>
    <xs:extension base="cat:itemType">
      <xs:attribute name="sizes" type="cat:clothesSizes" use="required" />
    </xs:extension>
  </xs:complexContent>
  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang" />
</xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleType name="clothesSizes">
  <xs:union memberTypes="cat:sizeList">
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
        <xs:enumeration value="oneSize" />
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>
  </xs:union>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="sizeList">
  <xs:restriction>
    <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:list itemType="cat:clothesSize" />
    </xs:simpleType>
    <xs:minLength value="1" />
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="clothesSize">
  <xs:union memberTypes="cat:numberedSize cat:categorySize" />
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="numberedSize">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:integer">
    <xs:enumeration value="4" />
    <xs:enumeration value="6" />
    <xs:enumeration value="8" />
    <xs:enumeration value="10" />
    <xs:enumeration value="12" />
    <xs:enumeration value="14" />
    <xs:enumeration value="16" />
    <xs:enumeration value="18" />
    <xs:enumeration value="20" />
    <xs:enumeration value="22" />
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="categorySize">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
    <xs:enumeration value="XS" />
    <xs:enumeration value="S" />
    <xs:enumeration value="M" />
    <xs:enumeration value="L" />
    <xs:enumeration value="XL" />
    <xs:enumeration value="XXL" />
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:element name="album" type="cat:albumType" substitutionGroup="cat:_item" />

<xs:complexType name="albumType">
  <xs:complexContent>
    <xs:extension base="cat:itemType">
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="artist" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="formats" type="cat:formatsType" use="required" />
    </xs:extension>
  </xs:complexContent>
  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang" />
</xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleType name="formatsType">
  <xs:list itemType="cat:formatType" />
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="formatType">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
    <xs:enumeration value="CD" />
    <xs:enumeration value="MiniDisc" />
    <xs:enumeration value="tape" />
    <xs:enumeration value="vinyl" />
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:complexType name="description" mixed="true">
  <xs:sequence>
    <xs:any namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" processContents="lax"
            minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
  </xs:sequence>
  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang" />
</xs:complexType>

<xs:complexType name="price">
  <xs:simpleContent>
    <xs:extension base="cat:monetaryAmount">
      <xs:attribute name="currency" type="cat:currencyType" default="USD" />
    </xs:extension>
  </xs:simpleContent>
</xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleType name="currencyType">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
    <xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}" />
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="monetaryAmount">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
    <xs:fractionDigits value="3" />
    <xs:pattern value="\d+\.\d{2-3}?" />
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>

</xs:schema>

The schema is associated with the URI "http://www.example.com/dm-example.xsd".

This example exposes the data model for a document that has an associated schema and has been validated successfully against it. In general, an XML Schema is not required, that is, the data model can represent a schemaless, well-formed XML document with the rules described in 2.6 Types.

The XML document is represented by the nodes described below. The value D1 represents a Document Node; the values E1, E2, etc. represent Element Nodes; the values A1, A2, etc. represent Attribute Nodes; the values N1, N2, etc. represent Namespace Nodes; the values P1, P2, etc. represent Processing Instruction Nodes; the values T1, T2, etc. represent Text Nodes.

For brevity:

Text Nodes in the data model that contain only white space are not shown.

Literal strings are shown in quotes without the xs:string() constructor

Literal decimals are shown without the xs:decimal() constructor

Nodes are referred to using the syntax [nodeID]

xs:QNames are used with the following prefixes bindings:

xs | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
xsi | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
cat | http://www.example.com/catalog
xlink | http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink
html | http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
anon | An implementation-dependent prefix associated with anonymous type names

The abbreviation "\n" is used in string literals to represent a newline character; this isn't supported in XPath, but it makes this presentation clearer.

Accessors that return the empty sequence have been omitted.

To simplify the presentation, we’re assuming an implementation that does not expose the namespace axis. Therefore, Namespace Nodes are shared across multiple elements. See 6.4 Namespace Nodes.

// Document node D1
dm:base-uri(D1) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(D1) | =  | "document"
dm:string-value(D1) | = | "  Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)  \n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n          25.00    It's  Been  A  While    10.99    Staind  "
dm:typed-value(D1) | = | xdt:untypedAtomic("  Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)  \n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n          25.00    It's  Been  A  While    10.99    Staind  ")
dm:children(D1) | =  | ([E1])
// Namespace node N1
dm:node-kind(N1) | =  | "namespace"
dm:node-name(N1) | =  | xs:QName("", "xml")
dm:string-value(N1) | = | "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
dm:typed-value(N1) | = | "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
// Namespace node N2
dm:node-kind(N2) | =  | "namespace"
dm:node-name(N2) | =  | ()
dm:string-value(N2) | = | "http://www.example.com/catalog"
dm:typed-value(N2) | = | "http://www.example.com/catalog"
// Namespace node N3
dm:node-kind(N3) | =  | "namespace"
dm:node-name(N3) | =  | xs:QName("", "html")
dm:string-value(N3) | = | "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
dm:typed-value(N3) | = | "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
// Namespace node N4
dm:node-kind(N4) | =  | "namespace"
dm:node-name(N4) | =  | xs:QName("", "xlink")
dm:string-value(N4) | = | "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
dm:typed-value(N4) | = | "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
// Namespace node N5
dm:node-kind(N5) | =  | "namespace"
dm:node-name(N5) | =  | xs:QName("", "xsi")
dm:string-value(N5) | = | "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
dm:typed-value(N5) | = | "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
// Processing Instruction node P1
dm:base-uri(P1) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(P1) | =  | "processing-instruction"
dm:node-name(P1) | =  | xs:QName("", "xml-stylesheet")
dm:string-value(P1) | = | "type="text/xsl"  href="dm-example.xsl""
dm:typed-value(P1) | = | "type="text/xsl"  href="dm-example.xsl""
dm:parent(P1) | =  | ([D1])
// Element node E1
dm:base-uri(E1) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E1) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E1) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "catalog")
dm:string-value(E1) | = | "  Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)  \n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n          25.00    It's  Been  A  While    10.99    Staind  "
dm:typed-value(E1) | =  | fn:error()
dm:type-name(E1) | =  | anon:TYP000001
dm:is-id(E1) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E1) | =  | false
dm:parent(E1) | =  | ([D1])
dm:children(E1) | =  | ([E2], [E7])
dm:attributes(E1) | =  | ([A1], [A2], [A3])
dm:namespace-nodes(E1) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E1) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Attribute node A1
dm:node-kind(A1) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A1) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "xsi:schemaLocation")
dm:string-value(A1) | = | "http://www.example.com/catalog                                                            dm-example.xsd"
dm:typed-value(A1) | =  | (xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog"), xs:anyURI("catalog.xsd"))
dm:type-name(A1) | =  | anon:TYP000002
dm:is-id(A1) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A1) | =  | false
dm:parent(A1) | =  | ([E1])
// Attribute node A2
dm:node-kind(A2) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A2) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "xml:lang")
dm:string-value(A2) | = | "en"
dm:typed-value(A2) | =  | "en"
dm:type-name(A2) | =  | xs:NMTOKEN
dm:is-id(A2) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A2) | =  | false
dm:parent(A2) | =  | ([E1])
// Attribute node A3
dm:node-kind(A3) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A3) | =  | xs:QName("", "version")
dm:string-value(A3) | = | "0.1"
dm:typed-value(A3) | =  | "0.1"
dm:type-name(A3) | =  | xs:string
dm:is-id(A3) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A3) | =  | false
dm:parent(A3) | =  | ([E1])
// Comment node C1
dm:base-uri(C1) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(C1) | =  | "comment"
dm:string-value(C1) | = | "  This  example  is  for  data  model  illustration  only.\n          It  does  not  demonstrate  good  schema  design.  "
dm:typed-value(C1) | =  | "  This  example  is  for  data  model  illustration  only.\n          It  does  not  demonstrate  good  schema  design.  "
dm:parent(C1) | =  | ([E1])
// Element node E2
dm:base-uri(E2) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E2) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E2) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "tshirt")
dm:string-value(E2) | = | "  Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)  \n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n          25.00  "
dm:typed-value(E2) | =  | fn:error()
dm:type-name(E2) | =  | cat:tshirtType
dm:is-id(E2) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E2) | =  | false
dm:parent(E2) | =  | ([E1])
dm:children(E2) | =  | ([E3], [E4], [E6])
dm:attributes(E2) | =  | ([A4], [A5], [A6], [A7])
dm:namespace-nodes(E2) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E2) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Attribute node A4
dm:node-kind(A4) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A4) | =  | xs:QName("", "code")
dm:string-value(A4) | = | "T1534017"
dm:typed-value(A4) | =  | xs:ID("T1534017")
dm:type-name(A4) | =  | xs:ID
dm:is-id(A4) | =  | true
dm:is-idrefs(A4) | =  | false
dm:parent(A4) | =  | ([E2])
// Attribute node A5
dm:node-kind(A5) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A5) | =  | xs:QName("", "label")
dm:string-value(A5) | = | "Staind  :  Been  Awhile"
dm:typed-value(A5) | =  | xs:token("Staind : Been Awhile")
dm:type-name(A5) | =  | xs:token
dm:is-id(A5) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A5) | =  | false
dm:parent(A5) | =  | ([E2])
// Attribute node A6
dm:node-kind(A6) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A6) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xlink:href")
dm:string-value(A6) | = | "http://example.com/0,,1655091,00.html"
dm:typed-value(A6) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://example.com/0,,1655091,00.html")
dm:type-name(A6) | =  | xs:anyURI
dm:is-id(A6) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A6) | =  | false
dm:parent(A6) | =  | ([E2])
// Attribute node A7
dm:node-kind(A7) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A7) | =  | xs:QName("", "sizes")
dm:string-value(A7) | = | "M  L  XL"
dm:typed-value(A7) | =  | (xs:token("M"), xs:token("L"), xs:token("XL"))
dm:type-name(A7) | =  | cat:sizeList
dm:is-id(A7) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A7) | =  | false
dm:parent(A7) | =  | ([E2])
// Element node E3
dm:base-uri(E3) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E3) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E3) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "title")
dm:string-value(E3) | = | "Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)"
dm:typed-value(E3) | =  | xs:token("Staind: Been Awhile Tee Black (1-sided)")
dm:type-name(E3) | =  | xs:token
dm:is-id(E3) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E3) | =  | false
dm:parent(E3) | =  | ([E2])
dm:children(E3) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E3) | =  | ()
dm:namespace-nodes(E3) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E3) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Text node T1
dm:base-uri(T1) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(T1) | =  | "text"
dm:string-value(T1) | = | "Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)"
dm:typed-value(T1) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("Staind:  Been  Awhile  Tee  Black  (1-sided)")
dm:type-name(T1) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic
dm:parent(T1) | =  | ([E3])
// Element node E4
dm:base-uri(E4) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E4) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E4) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "description")
dm:string-value(E4) | = | "\n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n        "
dm:typed-value(E4) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("\n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n        ")
dm:type-name(E4) | =  | cat:description
dm:is-id(E4) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E4) | =  | false
dm:parent(E4) | =  | ([E2])
dm:children(E4) | =  | ([E5])
dm:attributes(E4) | =  | ()
dm:namespace-nodes(E4) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E4) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Element node E5
dm:base-uri(E5) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E5) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E5) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "html:p")
dm:string-value(E5) | = | "\n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n        "
dm:typed-value(E5) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("\n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n        ")
dm:type-name(E5) | =  | xs:anyType
dm:is-id(E5) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E5) | =  | false
dm:parent(E5) | =  | ([E4])
dm:children(E5) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E5) | =  | ()
dm:namespace-nodes(E5) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E5) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Text node T2
dm:base-uri(T2) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(T2) | =  | "text"
dm:string-value(T2) | = | "\n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n        "
dm:typed-value(T2) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("\n            Lyrics  from  the  hit  song  'It's  Been  Awhile'\n            are  shown  in  white,  beneath  the  large\n            'Flock  &  Weld'  Staind  logo.\n        ")
dm:type-name(T2) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic
dm:parent(T2) | =  | ([E5])
// Element node E6
dm:base-uri(E6) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E6) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E6) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "price")
dm:string-value(E6) | = | "25.00"
// The typed-value is based on the content type of the complex type for the element
dm:typed-value(E6) | =  | cat:monetaryAmount(25.0)
dm:type-name(E6) | =  | cat:price
dm:is-id(E6) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E6) | =  | false
dm:parent(E6) | =  | ([E2])
dm:children(E6) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E6) | =  | ()
dm:namespace-nodes(E6) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E6) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Text node T3
dm:base-uri(T3) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(T3) | =  | "text"
dm:string-value(T3) | = | "25.00"
dm:typed-value(T3) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("25.00")
dm:type-name(T3) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic
dm:parent(T3) | =  | ([E6])
// Element node E7
dm:base-uri(E7) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E7) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E7) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "album")
dm:string-value(E7) | = | "  It's  Been  A  While    10.99    Staind  "
dm:typed-value(E7) | =  | fn:error()
dm:type-name(E7) | =  | cat:albumType
dm:is-id(E7) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E7) | =  | false
dm:parent(E7) | =  | ([E1])
dm:children(E7) | =  | ([E8], [E9], [E10], [E11])
dm:attributes(E7) | =  | ([A8], [A9], [A10])
dm:namespace-nodes(E7) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E7) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Attribute node A8
dm:node-kind(A8) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A8) | =  | xs:QName("", "code")
dm:string-value(A8) | = | "A1481344"
dm:typed-value(A8) | =  | xs:ID("A1481344")
dm:type-name(A8) | =  | xs:ID
dm:is-id(A8) | =  | true
dm:is-idrefs(A8) | =  | false
dm:parent(A8) | =  | ([E7])
// Attribute node A9
dm:node-kind(A9) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A9) | =  | xs:QName("", "label")
dm:string-value(A9) | = | "Staind  :  Its  Been  A  While"
dm:typed-value(A9) | =  | xs:token("Staind : Its Been A While")
dm:type-name(A9) | =  | xs:token
dm:is-id(A9) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A9) | =  | false
dm:parent(A9) | =  | ([E7])
// Attribute node A10
dm:node-kind(A10) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A10) | =  | xs:QName("", "formats")
dm:string-value(A10) | = | "CD"
dm:typed-value(A10) | =  | cat:formatType("CD")
dm:type-name(A10) | =  | cat:formatType
dm:is-id(A10) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A10) | =  | false
dm:parent(A10) | =  | ([E7])
// Element node E8
dm:base-uri(E8) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E8) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E8) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "title")
dm:string-value(E8) | = | "It's  Been  A  While"
dm:typed-value(E8) | =  | xs:token("It's Been A While")
dm:type-name(E8) | =  | xs:token
dm:is-id(E8) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E8) | =  | false
dm:parent(E8) | =  | ([E7])
dm:children(E8) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E8) | =  | ()
dm:namespace-nodes(E8) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E8) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Text node T4
dm:base-uri(T4) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(T4) | =  | "text"
dm:string-value(T4) | = | "It's  Been  A  While"
dm:typed-value(T4) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("It's  Been  A  While")
dm:type-name(T4) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic
dm:parent(T4) | =  | ([E8])
// Element node E9
dm:base-uri(E9) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E9) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E9) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "description")
dm:string-value(E9) | = | ""
// xsi:nil is true so the typed value is the empty sequence
dm:typed-value(E9) | =  | ()
dm:type-name(E9) | =  | cat:description
dm:is-id(E9) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E9) | =  | false
dm:parent(E9) | =  | ([E7])
dm:children(E9) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E9) | =  | ([A11])
dm:namespace-nodes(E9) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E9) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Attribute node A11
dm:node-kind(A11) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A11) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "xsi:nil")
dm:string-value(A11) | = | "true"
dm:typed-value(A11) | =  | xs:boolean("true")
dm:type-name(A11) | =  | xs:boolean
dm:is-id(A11) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A11) | =  | false
dm:parent(A11) | =  | ([E9])
// Element node E10
dm:base-uri(E10) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E10) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E10) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "price")
dm:string-value(E10) | = | "10.99"
dm:typed-value(E10) | =  | cat:monetaryAmount(10.99)
dm:type-name(E10) | =  | cat:price
dm:is-id(E10) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E10) | =  | false
dm:parent(E10) | =  | ([E7])
dm:children(E10) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E10) | =  | ([A12])
dm:namespace-nodes(E10) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E10) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Attribute node A12
dm:node-kind(A12) | =  | "attribute"
dm:node-name(A12) | =  | xs:QName("", "currency")
dm:string-value(A12) | = | "USD"
dm:typed-value(A12) | =  | cat:currencyType("USD")
dm:type-name(A12) | =  | cat:currencyType
dm:is-id(A12) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(A12) | =  | false
dm:parent(A12) | =  | ([E10])
// Text node T5
dm:base-uri(T5) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(T5) | =  | "text"
dm:string-value(T5) | = | "10.99"
dm:typed-value(T5) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("10.99")
dm:type-name(T5) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic
dm:parent(T5) | =  | ([E10])
// Element node E11
dm:base-uri(E11) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(E11) | =  | "element"
dm:node-name(E11) | =  | xs:QName("http://www.example.com/catalog", "artist")
dm:string-value(E11) | = | "  Staind  "
dm:typed-value(E11) | =  | " Staind "
dm:type-name(E11) | =  | xs:string
dm:is-id(E11) | =  | false
dm:is-idrefs(E11) | =  | false
dm:parent(E11) | =  | ([E7])
dm:children(E11) | =  | ()
dm:attributes(E11) | =  | ()
dm:namespace-nodes(E11) | =  | ([N1], [N2], [N3], [N4], [N5])
dm:namespace-bindings(E11) | =  | ("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "http://www.example.com/catalog", "html", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "xlink", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance")
// Text node T6
dm:base-uri(T6) | =  | xs:anyURI("http://www.example.com/catalog.xml")
dm:node-kind(T6) | =  | "text"
dm:string-value(T6) | = | "  Staind  "
dm:typed-value(T6) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic("  Staind  ")
dm:type-name(T6) | =  | xdt:untypedAtomic
dm:parent(T6) | =  | ([E11])

A graphical representation of the data model for the preceding example is shown below. Document order in this representation can be found by following the traditional left-to-right, depth-first traversal; however, because the image has been rotated for easier presentation, this appears to be bottom-to-top, depth-first order.

Graphic representation of the data model. [large view, SVG]

F Implementation-Defined and Implementation-Dependent Items (Non-Normative)

F.1 Implementation-Defined Items

The following items are implementation-defined.

Support for additional user-defined or implementation-defined types is implementation-defined. (See 2.6.1 Representation of Types)

Some typed values in the data model are undefined. Attempting to access an undefined property is always an error. Behavior in these cases is implementation-defined and the host language is responsible for determining the result. (See 5 Accessors)

F.2 Implementation-Dependent Items

The following items are implementation-dependent.

The relative order of Namespace Nodes nodes is stable but implementation-dependent. (See 2.4 Document Order)

The relative order of Attribute Nodes nodes is stable but implementation-dependent. (See 2.4 Document Order)

The relative order of distinct trees is stable but implementation-dependent. (See 2.4 Document Order)

The names of anonymous types are implementation-dependent. (See 2.6.1 Representation of Types)

The prefix associated with type names is implementation-dependent. (See 3.3.1.1 Element and Attribute Node Type Names)

The representation of the set of prefix/URI pairs returned by the dm:namespace-bindings accessor is implementation-dependent. (See 5.7 namespace-bindings Accessor)

The representation of namespaces, i.e. whether or not they are represented as nodes, is implementation-dependent. (See 6 Nodes)

G Change Log (Non-Normative)

No substantive changes have been made to this document since the Proposed Recommendation Draft of 21 November 2006.

H Accessor Summary (Non-Normative)

This section summarizes the return values of each accessor by node type.

H.1 dm:attributes Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the attributes property. The order of Attribute Nodes is stable but implementation dependent.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.2 dm:base-uri Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the value of the base-uri property.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the base-uri property.

Attribute Nodes

If the attribute has a parent, returns the value of the dm:base-uri of its parent; otherwise it returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the value of the base-uri property.

Comment Nodes

If the comment has a parent, returns the value of the dm:base-uri of its parent; otherwise, returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

If the Text Node has a parent, returns the value of the dm:base-uri of its parent; otherwise, returns the empty sequence.

H.3 dm:children Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the value of the children property.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the children property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.4 dm:document-uri Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the absolute URI of the resource from which the Document Node was constructed, or the empty sequence if no such absolute URI is available.

Element Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.5 dm:is-id Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the is-id property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the is-id property.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.6 dm:is-idrefs Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the is-idrefs property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the is-idrefs property.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.7 dm:namespace-bindings Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the namespaces property as a set of prefix/URI pairs.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.8 dm:namespace-nodes Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the namespaces property as a sequence of Namespace Nodes. The order of Namespace Nodes is stable but implementation dependent.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.9 dm:nilled Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the nilled property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.10 dm:node-kind Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns “document”.

Element Nodes

Returns “element”.

Attribute Nodes

Returns “attribute”.

Namespace Nodes

Returns “namespace”.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns “processing-instruction”.

Comment Nodes

Returns “comment”.

Text Nodes

Returns “text”.

H.11 dm:node-name Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the node-name property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the node-name property.

Namespace Nodes

If the prefix is not empty, returns an xs:QName with the value of the prefix property in the local-name and an empty namespace name, otherwise returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns an xs:QName with the value of the target property in the local-name and an empty namespace URI and empty prefix.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.12 dm:parent Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the parent property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the parent property.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the value of the parent property.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the value of the parent property.

Comment Nodes

Returns the value of the parent property.

Text Nodes

Returns the value of the parent property.

H.13 dm:string-value Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the value of the string-value property.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the string-value property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the string-value property.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the value of the uri property.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the value of the content property.

Comment Nodes

Returns the value of the content property.

Text Nodes

Returns the value of the content property.

H.14 dm:type-name Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the type-name property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the type-name property.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns xs:untypedAtomic.

H.15 dm:typed-value Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the value of the typed-value property.

Element Nodes

Returns the value of the typed-value property.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the value of the typed-value property.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the value of the uri property as an xs:string.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the value of the content property as a xs:string.

Comment Nodes

Returns the value of the content property as a xs:string.

Text Nodes

Returns the value of the content property as an xs:untypedAtomic.

H.16 dm:unparsed-entity-public-id Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the public identifier of the specified unparsed entity or the empty sequence if no such entity exists.

Element Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

H.17 dm:unparsed-entity-system-id Accessor

Document Nodes

Returns the system identifier of the specified unparsed entity or the empty sequence if no such entity exists.

Element Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Attribute Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Namespace Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Processing Instruction Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Comment Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

Text Nodes

Returns the empty sequence.

I Infoset Construction Summary (Non-Normative)

This section summarizes data model construction from an Infoset for each kind of information item. General notes occur elsewhere.

I.1 Document Nodes Information Items

The document information item is required. A Document Node is constructed for each document information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [children] and [base URI].

The following infoset properties are optional: [unparsed entities].

Document Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

base-uri

The value of the [base URI] property. Note that the base URI property is always an absolute URI (if an absolute URI can be computed) though it may contain Unicode characters that are not allowed in URIs. These characters, if they occur, are present in the base-uri property and will have to be encoded and escaped by the application to obtain a URI suitable for retrieval, if retrieval is required.

children

The sequence of nodes constructed from the information items found in the [children] property.

For each element, processing instruction, and comment found in the [children] property, a corresponding Element, Processing Instruction, or Comment Node is constructed and that sequence of nodes is used as the value of the children property.

If present among the [children], the document type declaration information item is ignored.

unparsed-entities

If the [unparsed entities] property is present and is not the empty set, the values of the unparsed entity information items must be used to support the dm:unparsed-entity-system-id and dm:unparsed-entity-public-id accessors.

The internal structure of the values of the unparsed-entities property is implementation defined.

string-value

The concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order. If the document has no such descendants, the zero-length string.

typed-value

The dm:string-value of the node as an xs:untypedAtomic value.

document-uri

The document-uri property holds the absolute URI for the resource from which the document node was constructed, if one is available and can be made absolute. For example, if a collection of documents is returned by the fn:collection function, the document-uri property may serve to distinguish between them even though each has the same base-uri property.

If the document-uri is not the empty sequence, then the following constraint must hold: the node returned by evaluating fn:doc() with the document-uri as its argument must return the document node that provided the value of the document-uri property.

In other words, for any Document Node $arg, either fn:document-uri($arg) must return the empty sequence or fn:doc(fn:document-uri($arg)) must return $arg.

I.2 Element Nodes Information Items

The element information items are required. An Element Node is constructed for each element information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [namespace name], [local name], [children], [attributes], [in-scope namespaces], [base URI], and [parent].

Element Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

base-uri

The value of the [base URI] property. Note that the base URI property is always an absolute URI (if an absolute URI can be computed) though it may contain Unicode characters that are not allowed in URIs. These characters, if they occur, are present in the base-uri property and will have to be encoded and escaped by the application to obtain a URI suitable for retrieval, if retrieval is required.

node-name

An xs:QName constructed from the [prefix], [local name], and [namespace name] properties.

parent

The node that corresponds to the value of the [parent] property or the empty sequence if there is no parent.

type-name

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have the type xs:untyped.

children

The sequence of nodes constructed from the information items found in the [children] property.

For each element, processing instruction, comment, and maximal sequence of adjacent character information items found in the [children] property, a corresponding Element, Processing Instruction, Comment, or Text Node is constructed and that sequence of nodes is used as the value of the children property.

Because the data model requires that all general entities be expanded, there will never be unexpanded entity reference information item children.

attributes

A set of Attribute Nodes constructed from the attribute information items appearing in the [attributes] property. This includes all of the "special" attributes (xml:lang, xml:space, xsi:type, etc.) but does not include namespace declarations (because they are not attributes).

Default and fixed attributes provided by the DTD are added to the [attributes] and are therefore included in the data model attributes of an element.

namespaces

A set of Namespace Nodes constructed from the namespace information items appearing in the [in-scope namespaces] property. Implementations that do not support Namespace Nodes may simply preserve the relevant bindings in this property.

Implementations may ignore namespace information items for namespaces which are not known to be used. A namespace is known to be used if:

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of the element.

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of any of the element's attributes.

Note: applications may rely on namespaces that are not known to be used, for example when QNames are used in content and that content does not have a type of xs:QName Such applications may have difficulty processing data models where some namespaces have been ignored.

nilled

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have a nilled property of "false".

string-value

The string-value is constructed from the character information item [children] of the element and all its descendants. The precise rules for selecting significant character information items and constructing characters from them is described in 6.7.3 Construction from an Infoset of 6.7 Text Nodes.

This process is equivalent to concatenating the dm:string-values of all of the Text Node descendants of the resulting Element Node.

If the element has no such descendants, the string-value is the empty string.

typed-value

The string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

is-id

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have a is-id property of "false".

is-idrefs

All Element Nodes constructed from an infoset have a is-idrefs property of "false".

I.3 Attribute Nodes Information Items

The attribute information items are required. An Attribute Node is constructed for each attribute information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [namespace name], [local name], [normalized value], [attribute type], and [owner element].

Attribute Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

node-name

An xs:QName constructed from the [prefix], [local name], and [namespace name] properties.

parent

The Element Node that corresponds to the value of the [owner element] property or the empty sequence if there is no owner.

type-name

The value xs:untypedAtomic.

string-value

The [normalized value] of the attribute.

typed-value

The attribute’s typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

is-id

If the attribute is named xml:id and its [attribute type] property does not have the value ID, then [xml:id] processing is performed. This will assure that the value does have the type ID and that it is properly normalized. If an error is encountered during xml:id processing, an implementation may raise a dynamic error. The is-id property is always true for attributes named xml:id.

If the [attribute type] property has the value ID, true, otherwise false.

is-idrefs

If the [attribute type] property has the value IDREF or IDREFS, true, otherwise false.

I.4 Namespace Nodes Information Items

The namespace information items are required.

The following infoset properties are required: [prefix], [namespace name].

Namespace Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

prefix

The [prefix] property.

uri

The [namespace name] property.

parent

The element in whose [in-scope namespaces] property the namespace information item appears, if the implementation exposes any mechanism for accessing the dm:parent accessor of Namespace Nodes.

I.5 Processing Instruction Nodes Information Items

A Processing Instruction Node is constructed for each processing instruction information item that is not ignored.

The following infoset properties are required: [target], [content], [base URI], and [parent].

Processing Instruction Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

target

The value of the [target] property.

content

The value of the [content] property.

base-uri

The value of the [base URI] property. Note that the base URI property is always an absolute URI (if an absolute URI can be computed) though it may contain Unicode characters that are not allowed in URIs. These characters, if they occur, are present in the base-uri property and will have to be encoded and escaped by the application to obtain a URI suitable for retrieval, if retrieval is required.

parent

The node corresponding to the value of the [parent] property.

There are no Processing Instruction Nodes for processing instructions that are children of a document type declaration information item.

I.6 Comment Nodes Information Items

The comment information items are optional.

A Comment Node is constructed for each comment information item.

The following infoset properties are required: [content] and [parent].

Comment Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

content

The value of the [content] property.

parent

The node corresponding to the value of the [parent] property.

There are no Comment Nodes for comments that are children of a document type declaration information item.

I.7 Text Nodes Information Items

The character information items are required. A Text Node is constructed for each maximal sequence of character information items in document order.

The following infoset properties are required: [character code] and [parent].

The following infoset properties are optional: [element content whitespace].

A sequence of character information items is maximal if it satisfies the following constraints:

All of the information items in the sequence have the same parent.

The sequence consists of adjacent character information items uninterrupted by other types of information item.

No other such sequence exists that contains any of the same character information items and is longer.

Text Node properties are derived from the infoset as follows:

content

A string comprised of characters that correspond to the [character code] properties of each of the character information items.

If the resulting Text Node consists entirely of whitespace and the [element content whitespace] property of the character information items used to construct this node are true, the content of the Text Node is the zero-length string. Text Nodes are only allowed to be empty if they have no parents; an empty Text Node will be discarded when its parent is constructed, if it has a parent.

The content of the Text Node is not necessarily normalized as described in the [Character Model]. It is the responsibility of data producers to provide normalized text, and the responsibility of applications to make sure that operations do not de-normalize text.

parent

The node corresponding to the value of the [parent] property.

Text Nodes are only allowed to be empty if they have no parents; an empty Text Node will be discarded when its parent is constructed, if it has a parent.

J PSVI Construction Summary (Non-Normative)

This section summarizes data model construction from a PSVI for each kind of information item. General notes occur elsewhere.

J.1 Document Nodes Information Items

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

J.2 Element Nodes Information Items

The following Element Node properties are affected by PSVI properties.

type-name

The type-name is determined as described in 3.3.1.1 Element and Attribute Node Type Names.

children

The sequence of nodes constructed from the information items found in the [children] property.

For each element, processing instruction, comment, and maximal sequence of adjacent character information items found in the [children] property, a corresponding Element, Processing Instruction, Comment, or Text Node is constructed and that sequence of nodes is used as the value of the children property.

For elements with schema simple types, or complex types with simple content, if the [schema normalized value] PSVI property exists, the processor may use a sequence of nodes containing the Processing Instruction and Comment Nodes corresponding to the processing instruction and comment information items found in the [children] property, plus an optional single Text Node whose string value is the [schema normalized value] for the children property. If the [schema normalized value] is the empty string, the Text Node must not be present, otherwise it must be present.

The relative order of Processing Instruction and Comment Nodes must be preserved, but the position of the Text Node, if it is present, among them is implementation defined.

The effect of the above rules is that where a fixed or default value for an element is defined in the schema, and the element takes this default value, a text node will be created to contain the value, even though there are no character information items representing the value in the PSVI. The position of this text node relative to any comment or processing instruction children is implementation-dependent.

[Schema Part 1] also permits an element with mixed content to take a default or fixed value (which will always be a simple value), but at the time of this writing it is unclear how such a defaulted value is represented in the PSVI. Implementations therefore may represent such a default value by creating a text node, but are not required to do so.

Because the data model requires that all general entities be expanded, there will never be unexpanded entity reference information item children.

attributes

A set of Attribute Nodes constructed from the attribute information items appearing in the [attributes] property. This includes all of the "special" attributes (xml:lang, xml:space, xsi:type, etc.) but does not include namespace declarations (because they are not attributes).

Default and fixed attributes provided by XML Schema processing are added to the [attributes] and are therefore included in the data model attributes of an element.

namespaces

A set of Namespace Nodes constructed from the namespace information items appearing in the [in-scope namespaces] property. Implementations that do not support Namespace Nodes may simply preserve the relevant bindings in this property.

Implementations may ignore namespace information items for namespaces which are not known to be used. A namespace is known to be used if:

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of the element.

It appears in the expanded QName of the node-name of any of the element's attributes.

It appears in the expanded QName of any values of type xs:QName that appear among the element's children or the typed values of its attributes.

Note: applications may rely on namespaces that are not known to be used, for example when QNames are used in content and that content does not have a type of xs:QName Such applications may have difficulty processing data models where some namespaces have been ignored.

nilled

If the [validity] property exists on an information item and is "valid" then if the [nil] property exists and is true, then the nilled property is "true". In all other cases, including all cases where schema validity assessment was not attempted or did not succeed, the nilled property is "false".

string-value

The string-value is calculated as follows:

If the element is empty: its string value is the zero length string.

If the element has a type of xs:untyped, a complex type with element-only content, or a complex type with mixed content: its string-value is the concatenation of the string-values of all its Text Node descendants in document order.

If the element has a simple type or a complex type with simple content: its string-value is the [schema normalized value] of the node.

If an implementation stores only the typed value of an element, it may use any valid lexical representation of the typed value for the string-value property.

typed-value

The typed-value is calculated as follows:

If the element is of type xs:untyped, its typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

If the element has a complex type with empty content, its typed-value is the empty sequence.

If the element has a simple type or a complex type with simple content: its typed value is computed as described in 3.3.1.2 Typed Value Determination. The result is a sequence of zero or more atomic values. The relationship between the type-name, typed-value, and string-value of an element node is consistent with XML Schema validation.

Note that in the case of dates and times, the timezone is preserved as described in 3.3.2 Dates and Times, and in the case of xs:QNames and xs:NOTATIONs, the prefix is preserved as described in 3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS.

If the element has a complex type with mixed content (including xs:anyType), its typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

Otherwise, the element must be a complex type with element-only content. The typed-value of such an element is undefined. Attempting to access this property with the dm:typed-value accessor always raises an error.

is-id

If the element has a complex type with element-only content, the is-id property is false. Otherwise, if the typed-value of the element consists of exactly one atomic value that value is of type xs:ID, or a type derived from xs:ID, the is-id property is true, otherwise it is false.

is-idrefs

If the element has a complex type with element-only content, the is-idrefs property is false. Otherwise, if any of the atomic values in the typed-value of the element is of type xs:IDREF or xs:IDREFS, or a type derived from one of those types, the is-idrefs property is true, otherwise it is false.

All other properties have values that are consistent with construction from an infoset.

J.3 Attribute Nodes Information Items

The following Attribute Node properties are affected by PSVI properties.

string-value

The [schema normalized value] PSVI property if that exists.

Otherwise, the [normalized value] property.

If an implementation stores only the typed value of an attribute, it may use any valid lexical representation of the typed value for the string-value property.

type-name

The type-name is determined as described in 3.3.1.1 Element and Attribute Node Type Names.

typed-value

The typed-value is calculated as follows:

If the attribute is of type xs:untypedAtomic: its typed-value is its dm:string-value as an xs:untypedAtomic.

Otherwise, a sequence of zero or more atomic values as described in 3.3.1.2 Typed Value Determination. The relationship between the type-name, typed-value, and string-value of an attribute node is consistent with XML Schema validation.

is-id

If the attribute is named xml:id and its [attribute type] property does not have the value xs:ID, then [xml:id] processing is performed. This will assure that the value does have the type xs:ID and that it is properly normalized. If an error is encountered during xml:id processing, an implementation may raise a dynamic error. The is-id property is always true for attributes named xml:id.

If the type-name is xs:ID or a type derived from xs:ID, true, otherwise false.

is-idrefs

If any of the atomic values in the typed-value of the attribute is of type xs:IDREF or xs:IDREFS, or a type derived from one of those types, the is-idrefs property is true, otherwise it is false.

All other properties have values that are consistent with construction from an infoset.

Note: attributes from the XML Schema instance namespace, "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", (xsi:schemaLocation, xsi:type, etc.) appear as ordinary attributes in the data model.

J.4 Namespace Nodes Information Items

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

J.5 Processing Instruction Nodes Information Items

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

J.6 Comment Nodes Information Items

Construction from a PSVI is identical to construction from the Infoset.

J.7 Text Nodes Information Items

For Text Nodes constructed from the [schema normalized value] of elements, content contains the value of the [schema normalized value].

Otherwise, construction from a PSVI is the same as construction from the Infoset except for the content property. When constructing the content property, [element content whitespace] is not used to test if whitespace is collapsed. Instead, if the resulting Text Node consists entirely of whitespace and the character information items used to construct this node have a parent and that parent is an element and its {content type} is not “mixed”, then the content of the Text Node is the zero-length string.

K Infoset Mapping Summary (Non-Normative)

This section summarizes the infoset mapping for each kind of node. General notes occur elsewhere.

K.1 Document Nodes Information Items

A Document Node maps to a document information item. The mapping fails and produces no value if the Document Node contains Text Node children that do not consist entirely of white space or if the Document Node contains more than one Element Node child.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[children]

A list of information items obtained by processing each of the dm:children in order and mapping each to the appropriate information item(s).

[document element]

The element information item that is among the [children].

[unparsed entities]

An unordered set of unparsed entity information items constructed from the unparsed-entities.

Each unparsed entity maps to an unparsed entity information item. The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[name]

The name of the entity.

[system identifier]

The system identifier of the entity.

[public identifier]

The public identifier of the entity.

[declaration base URI]

Implementation defined. In the many cases, the document-uri is the correct answer and implementations must use this value if they have no better information. Implementations that keep track of the original [declaration base URI] for entities should use that value.

The following properties of the unparsed entity information item have no value: [notation name], [notation].

The following properties of the document information item have no value: [notations] [character encoding scheme] [standalone] [version] [all declarations processed].

K.2 Element Nodes Information Items

An Element Node maps to an element information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[namespace name]

The namespace name of the value of dm:node-name.

[local name]

The local part of the value of dm:node-name.

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the value of dm:node-name.

[children]

A list of information items obtained by processing each of the dm:children in order and mapping each to the appropriate information item(s).

[attributes]

An unordered set of information items obtained by processing each of the dm:attributes and mapping each to the appropriate information item(s).

[in-scope namespaces]

An unordered set of namespace information items constructed from the namespaces.

Each in-scope namespace maps to a namespace information item. The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the namespace.

[namespace name]

The URI associated with the namespace.

[base URI]

The value of dm:base-uri.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

The following property has no value: [namespace attributes].

K.3 Attribute Nodes Information Items

An Attribute Node maps to an attribute information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[namespace name]

The namespace name of the value of dm:node-name.

[local name]

The local part of the value of dm:node-name.

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the value of dm:node-name.

[normalized value]

The value of dm:string-value.

[owner element]

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

The following properties have no value: [specified] [attribute type] [references].

K.4 Namespace Nodes Information Items

A Namespace Node maps to a namespace information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[prefix]

The prefix associated with the namespace.

[namespace name]

The value of dm:string-value.

K.5 Processing Instruction Nodes Information Items

An Processing Instruction Node maps to a processing instruction information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[target]

The local part of the value of dm:node-name.

[content]

The value of dm:string-value.

[base URI]

The value of dm:base-uri.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

[notation]

no value.

K.6 Comment Nodes Information Items

A Comment Node maps to a comment information item.

The following properties are specified by this mapping:

[content]

The value of the dm:string-value.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

K.7 Text Nodes Information Items

A Text Node maps to a sequence of character information items.

Each character of the dm:string-value of the node is converted into a character information item as specified by this mapping:

[character code]

The Unicode code point value of the character.

[parent]

If this node is the root of the infoset mapping operation, unknown.

If this node has a parent, the information item that corresponds to the node returned by dm:parent.

Otherwise no value.

[element content whitespace]

Unknown.

This sequence of characters constitutes the infoset mapping.